- A
Use AWS Cloud WAN to connect the VPCs and route all outbound traffic through the inspection VPC.
Why wrong: Cloud WAN is more complex and costly for this use case.
- B
Create a VPC peering connection between the production VPC and the inspection VPC, and route all outbound traffic through the peered connection.
Why wrong: VPC peering is not transitive and cannot route internet traffic.
- C
Create a transit gateway, attach both VPCs, and configure the production VPC's route table to send all internet-bound traffic to the transit gateway, then route it through the inspection VPC's firewall.
Transit gateway enables transitive routing for inspection.
- D
Place a NAT gateway in the inspection VPC and have the production VPC route internet traffic to the NAT gateway.
Why wrong: NAT gateway is not a transit device.
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a production AWS account that is part of an AWS Organization. The account has a VPC with a NAT gateway for internet access. The security team wants to ensure that all outbound traffic to the internet flows through a centralized inspection VPC in the security account for traffic inspection. Which architecture should be used?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a transit gateway, attach both VPCs, and configure the production VPC's route table to send all internet-bound traffic to the transit gateway, then route it through the inspection VPC's firewall.
Option C is correct because a transit gateway allows you to centralize outbound internet traffic by attaching both the production VPC and the inspection VPC, then configuring the production VPC's route table to send 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the transit gateway. The inspection VPC can then route that traffic through its firewall (e.g., a third-party appliance or AWS Network Firewall) before it reaches an internet gateway, enabling full traffic inspection while maintaining a single egress point.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use AWS Cloud WAN to connect the VPCs and route all outbound traffic through the inspection VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Cloud WAN is more complex and costly for this use case.
- ✗
Create a VPC peering connection between the production VPC and the inspection VPC, and route all outbound traffic through the peered connection.
Why it's wrong here
VPC peering is not transitive and cannot route internet traffic.
- ✓
Create a transit gateway, attach both VPCs, and configure the production VPC's route table to send all internet-bound traffic to the transit gateway, then route it through the inspection VPC's firewall.
Why this is correct
Transit gateway enables transitive routing for inspection.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Place a NAT gateway in the inspection VPC and have the production VPC route internet traffic to the NAT gateway.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often assume VPC peering can be used for transitive routing or that a NAT gateway provides inspection capabilities, but VPC peering is non-transitive and NAT gateways only perform address translation, not deep packet inspection.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
A transit gateway supports transitive routing and can be configured with route tables that force all 0.0.0.0/0 traffic from the production VPC to the inspection VPC attachment. Inside the inspection VPC, a firewall appliance (e.g., Palo Alto Networks VM-Series or AWS Network Firewall) inspects traffic and then forwards it to an internet gateway via a default route. This architecture avoids asymmetric routing by ensuring that return traffic also flows back through the inspection VPC, which is critical for stateful firewalls.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Visual reference
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a transit gateway, attach both VPCs, and configure the production VPC's route table to send all internet-bound traffic to the transit gateway, then route it through the inspection VPC's firewall. — Option C is correct because a transit gateway allows you to centralize outbound internet traffic by attaching both the production VPC and the inspection VPC, then configuring the production VPC's route table to send 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the transit gateway. The inspection VPC can then route that traffic through its firewall (e.g., a third-party appliance or AWS Network Firewall) before it reaches an internet gateway, enabling full traffic inspection while maintaining a single egress point.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
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