- A
Store structured data in Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL, store unstructured data in S3, and use AWS Glue to run NLP jobs.
Why wrong: RDS is not optimized for large-scale analytics; Glue is for ETL, not NLP.
- B
Store all data in S3, use Amazon Athena for SQL queries and Amazon Textract for NLP.
Why wrong: Athena is for ad-hoc queries, not frequent analytics; Textract is for document text extraction, not NLP.
- C
Store structured data in DynamoDB, store unstructured data in S3, use Amazon SageMaker to build custom NLP models.
Why wrong: DynamoDB is not for complex queries; SageMaker requires ML expertise and overhead.
- D
Store structured data in Amazon Redshift, store unstructured data in S3, and use Amazon Comprehend Medical for NLP.
Redshift is for analytics; Comprehend Medical is HIPAA-eligible and designed for medical NLP.
Quick Answer
The answer is to store structured data in Amazon Redshift, unstructured data in Amazon S3, and use Amazon Comprehend Medical for NLP. This combination directly meets HIPAA compliance requirements while enabling complex SQL analytics on structured lab results and natural language processing on unstructured clinical notes, all through fully managed, cost-effective services. On the AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your ability to match specific workloads to the right HIPAA-eligible services, often trapping candidates who overcomplicate with SageMaker or misapply Textract for document extraction instead of NLP. A common memory tip is to think of Redshift as the “heavy lifter for SQL at scale” and Comprehend Medical as the “pre-built medical NLP brain,” avoiding the administrative overhead of training custom models. Remember: for structured data, Redshift; for unstructured text, S3 plus Comprehend Medical—keep it simple and HIPAA-ready.
SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design for new solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A healthcare company is designing a new system on AWS to store and analyze patient health records. The system must comply with HIPAA regulations. Data includes structured lab results and unstructured clinical notes. The company needs to run complex SQL queries on the structured data and perform natural language processing (NLP) on the unstructured data. The solution should be cost-effective and minimize administrative overhead. Which solution should a Solutions Architect recommend?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"minimum / minimize"Why it matters: Asks for the least resource use — fewest addresses, smallest subnet, lowest overhead. Eliminate over-provisioned options even if they would technically work.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Store structured data in Amazon Redshift, store unstructured data in S3, and use Amazon Comprehend Medical for NLP.
Option B is correct because Redshift is for SQL analytics on structured data, Comprehend Medical is a HIPAA-eligible NLP service for medical text. Option A is wrong because RDS is not designed for complex analytics at scale. Option C is wrong because Athena is serverless but slower for frequent queries; Textract is for document extraction, not NLP. Option D is wrong because DynamoDB is for NoSQL, not complex SQL queries; SageMaker is overkill for NLP if Comprehend Medical suffices.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Store structured data in Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL, store unstructured data in S3, and use AWS Glue to run NLP jobs.
Why it's wrong here
RDS is not optimized for large-scale analytics; Glue is for ETL, not NLP.
- ✗
Store all data in S3, use Amazon Athena for SQL queries and Amazon Textract for NLP.
Why it's wrong here
Athena is for ad-hoc queries, not frequent analytics; Textract is for document text extraction, not NLP.
- ✗
Store structured data in DynamoDB, store unstructured data in S3, use Amazon SageMaker to build custom NLP models.
Why it's wrong here
DynamoDB is not for complex queries; SageMaker requires ML expertise and overhead.
- ✓
Store structured data in Amazon Redshift, store unstructured data in S3, and use Amazon Comprehend Medical for NLP.
Why this is correct
Redshift is for analytics; Comprehend Medical is HIPAA-eligible and designed for medical NLP.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "minimum / minimize" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A startup's cloud architect reviews their monthly bill and notices costs are higher than expected for a long-running batch job. Switching from on-demand instances to Reserved Instances — or using Spot/Preemptible VMs — can reduce compute costs by up to 72 %. Questions like this test whether you understand the tradeoffs between commitment, flexibility, and cost across cloud pricing models.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SAP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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Design for New Solutions — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design for New Solutions — This question tests Design for New Solutions — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Store structured data in Amazon Redshift, store unstructured data in S3, and use Amazon Comprehend Medical for NLP. — Option B is correct because Redshift is for SQL analytics on structured data, Comprehend Medical is a HIPAA-eligible NLP service for medical text. Option A is wrong because RDS is not designed for complex analytics at scale. Option C is wrong because Athena is serverless but slower for frequent queries; Textract is for document extraction, not NLP. Option D is wrong because DynamoDB is for NoSQL, not complex SQL queries; SageMaker is overkill for NLP if Comprehend Medical suffices.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SAP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "minimum / minimize". Asks for the least resource use — fewest addresses, smallest subnet, lowest overhead. Eliminate over-provisioned options even if they would technically work.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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