SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
A company wants to centrally manage access to multiple AWS accounts using AWS Organizations. The security team requires that all IAM users and roles be created in a single master account and assume roles in member accounts. Which configuration ensures that cross-account role assumptions are auditable and enforced?
⚠ Common exam trap
Many candidates confuse AWS Config (which records resource configuration changes) with CloudTrail (which records API calls), leading them to choose Option C even though it cannot log the actual sts:AssumeRole events needed for auditing.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Enable AWS CloudTrail in the master account and log sts:AssumeRole events.
AWS CloudTrail in the master account can log all sts:AssumeRole API calls across the organization when management events are enabled. This provides a centralized, immutable audit trail of who assumed which role in which member account, meeting the security team's requirement for auditable cross-account role assumptions. CloudTrail captures the source identity, target role ARN, and timestamp, enabling full forensic analysis.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Enable AWS CloudTrail in the master account and log sts:AssumeRole events.
Why this is correct
CloudTrail logs all STS API calls, providing a centralized audit trail for cross-account role assumptions.
- ✗
Create an IAM Access Analyzer in each member account to monitor cross-account access.
Why it's wrong here
IAM Access Analyzer analyzes resource policies for unintended access, not role assumption events.
- ✗
Use AWS Config to record IAM role configurations and trigger Lambda functions on changes.
Why it's wrong here
AWS Config records resource changes but does not log API calls like AssumeRole.
- ✗
Configure a service control policy (SCP) to deny all IAM actions except sts:AssumeRole.
Why it's wrong here
SCPs enforce permissions but do not provide auditing of role assumptions.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.