SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company wants to centralize logging from multiple AWS accounts into a single Amazon S3 bucket. The logging accounts are part of an AWS Organization. Which approach should be used to allow CloudTrail to deliver logs from all accounts to the central bucket?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Configure the central S3 bucket policy to allow CloudTrail from all accounts in the organization to write logs.
Option A is correct because CloudTrail can deliver logs from all accounts in an AWS Organization to a single central S3 bucket by configuring the bucket policy to grant the CloudTrail service principal (cloudtrail.amazonaws.com) from each member account the s3:PutObject permission. This approach leverages the organization's trusted access, eliminating the need for individual IAM roles or cross-account assumptions, as CloudTrail automatically uses the organization's management account to validate member account identities.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Configure the central S3 bucket policy to allow CloudTrail from all accounts in the organization to write logs.
Why this is correct
A bucket policy with a condition for AWS:SourceOrgID allows all accounts in the organization.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Use a VPC endpoint and route logs through a central VPC.
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail logging does not require VPC endpoints.
✗
Attach an SCP to allow CloudTrail to write to the central bucket.
Why it's wrong here
SCPs cannot grant permissions; they only deny or allow actions.
✗
Create an IAM role in each member account and allow the central account to assume it.
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail does not use IAM roles to deliver logs; it uses resource-based policies.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse SCPs with resource-based policies, thinking an SCP can grant cross-account write access to an S3 bucket, when in reality only the bucket policy (or a combination of bucket policy and IAM) can authorize CloudTrail's service principal from another account.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Under the hood, when CloudTrail is enabled in a member account with an organization trail, the service uses the organization ID to validate the account's membership and then writes logs to the central bucket using the member account's CloudTrail service principal. The bucket policy must include a condition like 'aws:SourceOrgID' or 'aws:SourceAccount' to restrict access to only accounts within the organization, preventing unauthorized writes from external accounts. In real-world scenarios, this setup is critical for compliance (e.g., SOC 2, PCI DSS) where centralized immutable logging is required, and misconfiguring the bucket policy can lead to log delivery failures or security risks.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure the central S3 bucket policy to allow CloudTrail from all accounts in the organization to write logs. — Option A is correct because CloudTrail can deliver logs from all accounts in an AWS Organization to a single central S3 bucket by configuring the bucket policy to grant the CloudTrail service principal (cloudtrail.amazonaws.com) from each member account the s3:PutObject permission. This approach leverages the organization's trusted access, eliminating the need for individual IAM roles or cross-account assumptions, as CloudTrail automatically uses the organization's management account to validate member account identities.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Question Discussion
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