SAP-C02 Continuous Improvement for Existing Solutions Practice Question
A company uses AWS Control Tower to manage a multi-account environment. The security team wants to ensure that all accounts conform to a set of baseline rules, including encryption at rest for S3 buckets. Which THREE steps should the team take to implement this control? (Choose THREE.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Set up an automatic remediation action using AWS Config to enable encryption on non-compliant buckets.
AWS Config can be configured with automatic remediation actions (e.g., using AWS Systems Manager Automation) to enable encryption on S3 buckets that are found non-compliant. Option C is correct because a Service Control Policy (SCP) can be applied to organizational units (OUs) in AWS Control Tower to deny the creation of S3 buckets without encryption, providing preventive governance. Option D is correct because an AWS Config rule can be defined to evaluate whether S3 buckets have encryption enabled, alerting on non-compliance. Option B is incorrect because IAM policies attached to the root user are not effective for enforcing baseline rules across multiple accounts; SCPs are designed for that purpose. Option E is incorrect because AWS CloudTrail only logs API calls for auditing and does not enforce or remediate compliance; it is not a control mechanism for ensuring encryption at rest.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Set up an automatic remediation action using AWS Config to enable encryption on non-compliant buckets.
Why this is correct
Remediation can auto-fix violations detected by Config rules.
- ✗
Attach an IAM policy to each account's root user.
Why it's wrong here
IAM policies don't enforce across all users; also not scalable.
- ✓
Create a Service Control Policy (SCP) that denies creating S3 buckets without encryption.
Why this is correct
SCPs prevent non-compliant actions at the OU level.
- ✓
Define an AWS Config rule to check that S3 buckets have encryption enabled.
Why this is correct
Config rules evaluate resources and report compliance.
- ✗
Enable AWS CloudTrail to log all S3 API calls.
Why it's wrong here
Logging does not enforce encryption.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
Go deeper
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.