SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
A company has a multi-account AWS environment with centralized logging. The security team wants to ensure that all VPC Flow Logs are published to a central S3 bucket in the logging account. Which combination of steps should be taken to achieve this?
⚠ Common exam trap
Watch out — candidates often assume cross-account S3 delivery requires a VPC endpoint or a streaming service like Firehose, but AWS natively supports direct cross-account S3 delivery for VPC Flow Logs via bucket policies.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Create VPC Flow Logs in each account with a custom S3 bucket ARN in the logging account, and configure the bucket policy to allow log delivery from source accounts
VPC Flow Logs can be published directly to an S3 bucket in another account by specifying the bucket ARN in the logging account. The bucket policy must grant the `S3:PutObject` permission to the log delivery service principal (`delivery.logs.amazonaws.com`) for the source accounts, enabling cross-account log delivery without intermediate services.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose in each account to stream logs to the central S3 bucket
Why it's wrong here
Using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose in each account is an overly complex solution for publishing VPC Flow Logs directly to S3. VPC Flow Logs offer native integration to publish directly to an S3 bucket or CloudWatch Logs, negating the need for an intermediary streaming service. Firehose is designed for ingesting and delivering real-time streaming data from sources like application logs or IoT devices, especially when transformation or processing is required before delivery to S3 or other analytics services.
- ✓
Create VPC Flow Logs in each account with a custom S3 bucket ARN in the logging account, and configure the bucket policy to allow log delivery from source accounts
Why this is correct
VPC Flow Logs support cross-account delivery to S3 with appropriate bucket policy.
- ✗
Create VPC endpoints in each account to connect to the central S3 bucket
Why it's wrong here
VPC endpoints are not required for cross-account S3 delivery.
- ✗
Create VPC Flow Logs in each account and publish to a central CloudWatch Logs group
Why it's wrong here
Cross-account CloudWatch Logs delivery is complex and not directly supported for VPC Flow Logs.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
Go deeper
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.