- A
Use AWS Lambda to scan all VPCs daily and enable Flow Logs if missing, sending logs to the central bucket.
Why wrong: Reactive and not real-time; also, Lambda must have cross-account access, increasing complexity.
- B
Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs, and a CloudWatch Events rule to copy logs to the central bucket.
Why wrong: Config rules can trigger remediation, but copying logs via CloudWatch Events is not efficient; Flow Logs can be published directly to S3.
- C
Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy a VPC with Flow Logs enabled in each account.
Why wrong: This only works if VPCs are created via CloudFormation; existing VPCs would not be covered.
- D
Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs that publish to a central S3 bucket, and use an SCP to prevent disabling Flow Logs.
Config rules can detect VPCs without Flow Logs and remediate by enabling them; SCPs prevent tampering.
Quick Answer
The correct combination is AWS Config rules with automatic remediation and an SCP to prevent disabling Flow Logs. This works because AWS Config continuously evaluates all VPCs against a rule that checks for Flow Logs, and when a noncompliant VPC is detected, automatic remediation—typically via an SSM automation document or Lambda function—enables Flow Logs and publishes them directly to a central S3 bucket. The SCP then blocks any IAM actions that would disable or modify the Flow Log configuration, making the enforcement permanent and unbypassable by account administrators. On the SAP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of combining detective controls (Config), automated corrective actions (remediation), and preventive guardrails (SCPs) to enforce a centralized logging policy across a multi-account environment. A common trap is choosing only Config rules without the SCP, which leaves enforcement vulnerable to manual override. Memory tip: think “Detect, Fix, Block”—Config detects, remediation fixes, SCP blocks.
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a multi-account AWS environment with a central logging account. They want to ensure that all VPC Flow Logs are enabled for every VPC in every account and that the logs are sent to a central S3 bucket. What combination of services should they use to automatically enforce this?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs that publish to a central S3 bucket, and use an SCP to prevent disabling Flow Logs.
Option D is correct because AWS Config rules can continuously evaluate whether VPC Flow Logs are enabled for every VPC, and automatic remediation (via an SSM automation document or Lambda) can enable them if they are missing, publishing directly to a central S3 bucket. An SCP (Service Control Policy) then prevents any IAM action that would disable or modify the Flow Log configuration, ensuring enforcement is permanent and cannot be bypassed by account administrators.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use AWS Lambda to scan all VPCs daily and enable Flow Logs if missing, sending logs to the central bucket.
Why it's wrong here
Reactive and not real-time; also, Lambda must have cross-account access, increasing complexity.
- ✗
Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs, and a CloudWatch Events rule to copy logs to the central bucket.
Why it's wrong here
Config rules can trigger remediation, but copying logs via CloudWatch Events is not efficient; Flow Logs can be published directly to S3.
- ✗
Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy a VPC with Flow Logs enabled in each account.
Why it's wrong here
This only works if VPCs are created via CloudFormation; existing VPCs would not be covered.
- ✓
Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs that publish to a central S3 bucket, and use an SCP to prevent disabling Flow Logs.
Why this is correct
Config rules can detect VPCs without Flow Logs and remediate by enabling them; SCPs prevent tampering.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Cisco often tests the misconception that a reactive approach (like daily Lambda scans) or a deployment-only approach (like StackSets) is sufficient, when the real requirement is continuous enforcement and prevention of disabling — which demands a combination of AWS Config with remediation and an SCP.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
AWS Config managed rule 'vpc-flow-logs-enabled' evaluates each VPC and triggers remediation via an AWS Systems Manager Automation document (AWSConfigRemediation-EnableVpcFlowLogs) that creates a Flow Log with the delivery destination ARN set to the central S3 bucket. The SCP uses a Deny effect on 'ec2:DeleteFlowLogs' and 'ec2:CreateFlowLogs' (with conditions to block non-compliant configurations) to lock the policy; this is more robust than relying solely on reactive remediation because it prevents non-compliant actions at the IAM authorization layer.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use AWS Config rules with automatic remediation to enable VPC Flow Logs that publish to a central S3 bucket, and use an SCP to prevent disabling Flow Logs. — Option D is correct because AWS Config rules can continuously evaluate whether VPC Flow Logs are enabled for every VPC, and automatic remediation (via an SSM automation document or Lambda) can enable them if they are missing, publishing directly to a central S3 bucket. An SCP (Service Control Policy) then prevents any IAM action that would disable or modify the Flow Log configuration, ensuring enforcement is permanent and cannot be bypassed by account administrators.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.
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