MLA-C01 Deployment and Orchestration of ML Workflows Practice Question
An organization wants to automate ML retraining using an event-driven architecture. Which THREE services should they combine? (Select THREE.)
⚠ Common exam trap
Watch out — candidates often confuse AWS Glue as a compute trigger for ML retraining, but Glue is designed for batch ETL and lacks the event-driven, low-latency invocation capabilities required for this architecture.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
SageMaker (training jobs or pipelines)
Amazon EventBridge [CORRECT] is the event-driven backbone: it receives events (e.g., new data in S3, a schedule, or a custom PutEvents call) and routes them to targets via rules, which is exactly what an event-driven retraining architecture requires. AWS Lambda [CORRECT] acts as the lightweight, serverless compute glue that responds to those EventBridge events and invokes the training workflow, so no servers need to be managed. SageMaker (training jobs or pipelines) [CORRECT] performs the actual model retraining and orchestration, since SageMaker Pipelines can be triggered programmatically to run training jobs and register updated models. AWS Glue is a data-integration/ETL service and, while useful for preparing data, it is not required to deliver the event-driven retraining trigger or the training itself. Amazon CloudWatch Logs is for storing and monitoring log data and does not provide event routing or ML training capability.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
SageMaker (training jobs or pipelines)
Why this is correct
SageMaker training jobs or pipelines execute the actual retraining computation when triggered. Combined with event detection and orchestration services, it forms the event-driven retraining chain, satisfying the stem's automation requirement. It performs model training rather than storing data or routing events.
- ✓
Amazon EventBridge
Why this is correct
Amazon EventBridge supplies the event-driven routing layer: it matches incoming events, such as new data or a completed training job, against rules and invokes targets. This satisfies the automation trigger requirement, decoupling event producers from the retraining pipeline without polling.
- ✓
AWS Lambda
Why this is correct
AWS Lambda provides the serverless compute that reacts to an event and starts the retraining workflow, invoking SageMaker Pipelines or Step Functions. It satisfies the event-driven automation constraint by running only on trigger, avoiding always-on infrastructure.
- ✗
AWS Glue
Why it's wrong here
AWS Glue is a batch ETL service, not an event router, so it cannot trigger retraining on events. It is tempting because it prepares training data, and it would be correct for scheduled transformation pipelines rather than event-driven orchestration.
- ✗
Amazon CloudWatch Logs
Why it's wrong here
Amazon CloudWatch Logs stores and queries log data; it does not emit events that trigger retraining pipelines. It is tempting because it captures operational data, and it would be correct for log aggregation and analysis, not event-driven ML retraining orchestration.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
Go deeper
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This MLA-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the MLA-C01 exam.