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MLS-C01 Modeling Practice Question

A company is using Amazon SageMaker to train a XGBoost model for predicting customer churn. The training data is stored in an S3 bucket as CSV files. The data scientist runs a hyperparameter tuning job with 50 training jobs. The tuning job completes, but the best model's accuracy on the holdout set is lower than expected. The data scientist suspects that the hyperparameter ranges are too narrow. Which corrective action is most appropriate?

⚠ Common exam trap

Candidates often confuse 'more training jobs' (Option A) with 'broader search space', failing to recognize that increasing jobs only refines sampling within existing bounds, not expands them.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Expand the hyperparameter ranges for key parameters such as 'max_depth', 'learning_rate', and 'subsample'

The data scientist suspects the hyperparameter ranges are too narrow, which directly limits the model's ability to find an optimal configuration. Expanding ranges for key XGBoost parameters like 'max_depth', 'learning_rate', and 'subsample' allows the tuning job to explore a broader space of model complexities and regularization levels, potentially improving accuracy on the holdout set. This is the most direct fix for the stated problem, as it addresses the root cause rather than increasing job count or changing the search strategy.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Increase the number of training jobs in the tuning job

    Why it's wrong here

    More jobs with the same narrow ranges may not yield improvement.

  • Switch to a different algorithm like Random Forest

    Why it's wrong here

    Changing algorithms is not necessary; the issue is likely hyperparameter ranges.

  • Expand the hyperparameter ranges for key parameters such as 'max_depth', 'learning_rate', and 'subsample'

    Why this is correct

    Wider ranges allow the tuning job to explore more of the hyperparameter space, potentially finding better configurations.

  • Change the tuning strategy from random search to Bayesian optimization

    Why it's wrong here

    Bayesian optimization is efficient but still limited by the defined ranges.

Quick reference

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Storage ClassMin DurationRetrievalUse Case
S3 StandardNoneImmediateFrequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA30 daysImmediateInfrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA30 daysImmediateNon-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-TieringNoneImmediate–hoursUnknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant90 daysMillisecondsArchive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible90 daysMinutes–hoursArchive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive180 daysHoursLong-term compliance archive

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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026

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