- A
Configure a VPC endpoint for ECR and allow CodeBuild to connect through it.
Why wrong: VPC endpoints provide private connectivity but do not grant permissions.
- B
Store ECR credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store and retrieve them in the buildspec.
Why wrong: Storing credentials is less secure than using IAM roles.
- C
Create a service role for CodeBuild with an IAM policy that grants ECR pull access.
CodeBuild assumes the service role to access ECR.
- D
Use the AWS CLI to retrieve an ECR authorization token and pass it to Docker.
Why wrong: Requires managing temporary credentials.
Question 1,388 of 1,750
DOP-C02 Security and Compliance Practice Question
This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security and compliance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is using AWS CodeBuild as part of its CI/CD pipeline. The build projects need to access a private Amazon ECR repository to pull Docker images. What is the MOST secure way to grant CodeBuild access to ECR?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Create a service role for CodeBuild with an IAM policy that grants ECR pull access.
Option C is correct because CodeBuild can assume an IAM service role with a policy that grants pull access to the ECR repository. This is the most secure approach because it avoids static credentials and leverages AWS identity and access management. Option A is wrong: a VPC endpoint provides private network connectivity to ECR but does not grant access; IAM permissions are still required. Option B is wrong: storing ECR credentials in Parameter Store introduces static credentials that must be managed and rotated, making it less secure than using an IAM role. Option D is wrong: using the AWS CLI to retrieve an authorization token requires managing temporary credentials and is more complex; the service role approach is simpler and more secure.
Key principle: Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Configure a VPC endpoint for ECR and allow CodeBuild to connect through it.
Why it's wrong here
VPC endpoints provide private connectivity but do not grant permissions.
- ✗
Store ECR credentials in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store and retrieve them in the buildspec.
Why it's wrong here
Storing credentials is less secure than using IAM roles.
- ✓
Create a service role for CodeBuild with an IAM policy that grants ECR pull access.
Why this is correct
CodeBuild assumes the service role to access ECR.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
- ✗
Use the AWS CLI to retrieve an ECR authorization token and pass it to Docker.
Why it's wrong here
Requires managing temporary credentials.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: authentication is not authorization
Logging in proves the user can authenticate. It does not automatically mean the user is allowed to enter privileged or configuration mode. Watch for AAA authorization, privilege level and command authorization details.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This kind of question is testing the difference between identity and permission. A user may successfully log in to a router because authentication is working, but still fail to enter configuration mode because authorization is missing, misconfigured or mapped to a lower privilege level.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Authentication checks who the user is.
- Authorization controls what the user is allowed to do after login.
- Privilege levels affect access to EXEC and configuration commands.
- AAA, TACACS+ and RADIUS can separate login success from command access.
TExam Day Tips
- Do not assume successful login means full administrative access.
- Look for words such as cannot enter configuration mode, privilege level, authorization or command access.
- Separate login problems from permission problems before choosing the answer.
Key takeaway
Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DOP-C02 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
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Security and Compliance — study guide chapter
Learn the concepts, then practise the questions
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DOP-C02 question test?
Security and Compliance — This question tests Security and Compliance — Authentication checks who the user is..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a service role for CodeBuild with an IAM policy that grants ECR pull access. — Option C is correct because CodeBuild can assume an IAM service role with a policy that grants pull access to the ECR repository. This is the most secure approach because it avoids static credentials and leverages AWS identity and access management. Option A is wrong: a VPC endpoint provides private network connectivity to ECR but does not grant access; IAM permissions are still required. Option B is wrong: storing ECR credentials in Parameter Store introduces static credentials that must be managed and rotated, making it less secure than using an IAM role. Option D is wrong: using the AWS CLI to retrieve an authorization token requires managing temporary credentials and is more complex; the service role approach is simpler and more secure.
What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DOP-C02 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Authentication checks who the user is.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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