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Question 77 of 1,740

Security and Compliance →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct answer is to configure the Lambda function to use HTTPS when calling S3 and add a bucket policy that requires the x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header to match the specific KMS key. This combination directly addresses both requirements: forcing TLS 1.2 encryption in transit by switching from HTTP to HTTPS in the SDK, and enforcing that Lambda only accesses objects encrypted with the designated KMS key through a bucket policy condition. On the AWS Certified DevOps Engineer Professional DOP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your understanding that S3 bucket policies can enforce encryption conditions at the request header level, while Lambda’s SDK configuration controls the transport layer—a common trap is assuming VPC endpoints or default encryption enforce TLS version. Remember the memory tip: “HTTPS for the wire, KMS key in the policy for the fire.”

DOP-C02 Security and Compliance Practice Question

This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security and compliance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company uses AWS Lambda to process sensitive data stored in Amazon S3. The Lambda function is triggered by S3 object creation events. The security team requires that all data in transit be encrypted using TLS 1.2 or higher. The Lambda function currently uses the AWS SDK to download objects from S3 using HTTP (not HTTPS). The team also needs to ensure that the Lambda function only accesses S3 objects that are encrypted with a specific AWS KMS key. The Lambda execution role already has permissions to decrypt with that KMS key. Which combination of actions should the security team take to meet the requirements?

Question 1mediummultiple choice

Read the full NAT/PAT explanation →

A
Configure the Lambda function to use HTTPS when calling S3, and add a bucket policy that requires the x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header to match the specific KMS key.
HTTPS ensures encryption in transit; bucket policy with condition on KMS key ensures objects are encrypted with the specified key.
B
Configure the Lambda function to use a VPC endpoint for S3, and update the bucket policy to deny requests that do not use TLS 1.2.
Why wrong: VPC endpoints do not enforce TLS version; bucket policy can enforce HTTPS but not TLS 1.2 specifically.
C
Enable default encryption on the S3 bucket using the specific KMS key, and update the Lambda function to use the AWS SDK's default client, which uses HTTPS.
Why wrong: Default encryption ensures data at rest but does not enforce TLS 1.2 for data in transit.
D
Place a CloudFront distribution in front of the S3 bucket, and configure the Lambda function to access S3 through CloudFront using HTTPS.
Why wrong: CloudFront adds latency and cost; it does not inherently enforce TLS 1.2 for Lambda-to-S3 traffic.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Configure the Lambda function to use HTTPS when calling S3, and add a bucket policy that requires the x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header to match the specific KMS key.

Option B is correct because configuring the S3 client to use HTTPS and setting the endpoint to use TLS 1.2 ensures encryption in transit. Additionally, using an S3 bucket policy with a condition that requires the presence of the specific KMS key encrypts the object and restricts access. Option A is incorrect because S3 does not support VPC endpoints for TLS enforcement; VPC endpoints use AWS PrivateLink but do not enforce TLS version. Option C is incorrect because CloudFront does not enforce TLS 1.2 by default and adds complexity. Option D is incorrect because enabling default encryption does not enforce TLS 1.2 for connections.

Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Configure the Lambda function to use HTTPS when calling S3, and add a bucket policy that requires the x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header to match the specific KMS key.
Why this is correct
HTTPS ensures encryption in transit; bucket policy with condition on KMS key ensures objects are encrypted with the specified key.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Configure the Lambda function to use a VPC endpoint for S3, and update the bucket policy to deny requests that do not use TLS 1.2.
Why it's wrong here
VPC endpoints do not enforce TLS version; bucket policy can enforce HTTPS but not TLS 1.2 specifically.
✗
Enable default encryption on the S3 bucket using the specific KMS key, and update the Lambda function to use the AWS SDK's default client, which uses HTTPS.
Why it's wrong here
Default encryption ensures data at rest but does not enforce TLS 1.2 for data in transit.
✗
Place a CloudFront distribution in front of the S3 bucket, and configure the Lambda function to access S3 through CloudFront using HTTPS.
Why it's wrong here
CloudFront adds latency and cost; it does not inherently enforce TLS 1.2 for Lambda-to-S3 traffic.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic

NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.

TExam Day Tips

Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.

Key takeaway

NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DOP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this DOP-C02 question test?

Security and Compliance — This question tests Security and Compliance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Configure the Lambda function to use HTTPS when calling S3, and add a bucket policy that requires the x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header to match the specific KMS key. — Option B is correct because configuring the S3 client to use HTTPS and setting the endpoint to use TLS 1.2 ensures encryption in transit. Additionally, using an S3 bucket policy with a condition that requires the presence of the specific KMS key encrypts the object and restricts access. Option A is incorrect because S3 does not support VPC endpoints for TLS enforcement; VPC endpoints use AWS PrivateLink but do not enforce TLS version. Option C is incorrect because CloudFront does not enforce TLS 1.2 by default and adds complexity. Option D is incorrect because enabling default encryption does not enforce TLS 1.2 for connections.

What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

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