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Security and Compliance →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

DOP-C02 Security and Compliance Practice Question

This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security and compliance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company runs a multi-account AWS environment using AWS Organizations. The security team needs to enforce that all S3 buckets across all accounts are encrypted with AES-256 (SSE-S3) and that public access is blocked. The team wants to use a preventive control that automatically remediates non-compliant buckets. Which solution should the security team implement?

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Full question →

A
Create a Service Control Policy (SCP) that denies s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and s3:PutBucketEncryption if the bucket is not configured correctly.
SCPs are preventive controls that block non-compliant actions before they happen.
B
Enable CloudTrail to log all S3 API calls and set up a CloudWatch Events rule to notify the security team.
Why wrong: This is detective, not preventive.
C
Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies to deny access to S3 buckets that do not have encryption enabled.
Why wrong: IAM policies can deny access but do not prevent creation of non-compliant buckets; also, they apply to principals, not buckets.
D
Use AWS Config rules to detect non-compliant buckets and trigger a Lambda function to remediate.
Why wrong: Config rules are detective; remediation is reactive, not preventive.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Create a Service Control Policy (SCP) that denies s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and s3:PutBucketEncryption if the bucket is not configured correctly.

Option C is correct because an SCP can deny actions that create or modify buckets without encryption or with public access enabled. This is a preventive control that applies to all accounts in the organization. Option A is incorrect because AWS Config rules are detective, not preventive; they can trigger auto-remediation but after the fact. Option B is incorrect because CloudTrail is for logging, not enforcement. Option D is incorrect because Service Control Policies can only be applied to accounts or OUs, not to resources directly; but they can deny the bucket creation/modification actions.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Create a Service Control Policy (SCP) that denies s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and s3:PutBucketEncryption if the bucket is not configured correctly.
Why this is correct
SCPs are preventive controls that block non-compliant actions before they happen.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
✗
Enable CloudTrail to log all S3 API calls and set up a CloudWatch Events rule to notify the security team.
Why it's wrong here
This is detective, not preventive.
✗
Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies to deny access to S3 buckets that do not have encryption enabled.
Why it's wrong here
IAM policies can deny access but do not prevent creation of non-compliant buckets; also, they apply to principals, not buckets.
✗
Use AWS Config rules to detect non-compliant buckets and trigger a Lambda function to remediate.
Why it's wrong here
Config rules are detective; remediation is reactive, not preventive.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
The first matching ACL entry is used.
There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

Check inbound versus outbound direction.
Read the ACL from top to bottom.
Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related DOP-C02 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this DOP-C02 question test?

Security and Compliance — This question tests Security and Compliance — Standard ACLs match source addresses..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Create a Service Control Policy (SCP) that denies s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and s3:PutBucketEncryption if the bucket is not configured correctly. — Option C is correct because an SCP can deny actions that create or modify buckets without encryption or with public access enabled. This is a preventive control that applies to all accounts in the organization. Option A is incorrect because AWS Config rules are detective, not preventive; they can trigger auto-remediation but after the fact. Option B is incorrect because CloudTrail is for logging, not enforcement. Option D is incorrect because Service Control Policies can only be applied to accounts or OUs, not to resources directly; but they can deny the bucket creation/modification actions.

What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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