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Troubleshooting and Optimization →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

DVA-C02 S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs) Practice Question

This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of troubleshooting and optimization. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. A key principle to apply: s3 Access Control Lists (ACLs). Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "kms:Decrypt",
        "kms:GenerateDataKey*"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"
    },
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:GetObject"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::my-bucket/*"
    }
  ]
}

A developer attached the above IAM policy to an AWS Lambda function that writes encrypted objects to an S3 bucket. The function fails with an 'AccessDenied' error when putting objects. What is the most likely reason?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "most likely"

    Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "kms:Decrypt",
        "kms:GenerateDataKey*"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"
    },
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:GetObject"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::my-bucket/*"
    }
  ]
}

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

The policy does not include s3:PutObjectAcl permission.

The Lambda function fails with AccessDenied when putting objects, likely because the IAM policy does not include the s3:PutObjectAcl action. When writing objects with specific ACLs (e.g., bucket policy requires certain ACLs), the PutObjectAcl permission is necessary. Option A is correct because the policy lacks this permission. Option B is incorrect because the policy does include a statement for the S3 bucket (the Resource includes the bucket ARN for s3:PutObject) but it's missing s3:PutObjectAcl. Option C is incorrect because s3:GetObject does not conflict with s3:PutObject; it's just unnecessary. Option D is incorrect because the error is an S3 AccessDenied, not a KMS-related issue; KMS permissions are separate.

Key principle: S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✓

    The policy does not include s3:PutObjectAcl permission.

    Why this is correct

    If the bucket requires object ACLs, the function needs s3:PutObjectAcl.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs)

  • ✗

    The policy is missing a statement for the S3 bucket itself (not the objects).

    Why it's wrong here

    The Resource includes the bucket ARN with /* for objects; bucket-level permission is not needed for PutObject.

  • ✗

    The policy allows s3:GetObject, which is unnecessary and conflicts with PutObject.

    Why it's wrong here

    Having s3:GetObject does not cause access denied on PutObject.

  • ✗

    The KMS key policy does not allow the Lambda function to decrypt.

    Why it's wrong here

    The policy grants kms:Decrypt and kms:GenerateDataKey*.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs)
  • IAM policy actions
  • Bucket policies vs. IAM policies

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

Visual reference

Source Router + ACL permit 10.0.0.0/8 deny any Server 10.0.0.5 ✓ 192.168.1.1 ✗ dropped ACLs evaluate top-down; first match wins — implicit deny all at end

Quick reference

AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison

Storage ClassMin DurationRetrievalUse Case
S3 StandardNoneImmediateFrequently accessed data
S3 Standard-IA30 daysImmediateInfrequent access, rapid retrieval
S3 One Zone-IA30 daysImmediateNon-critical infrequent data
S3 Intelligent-TieringNoneImmediate–hoursUnknown or changing access patterns
S3 Glacier Instant90 daysMillisecondsArchive with instant retrieval
S3 Glacier Flexible90 daysMinutes–hoursArchive, flexible retrieval
S3 Glacier Deep Archive180 daysHoursLong-term compliance archive

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review s3 Access Control Lists (ACLs), then practise related DVA-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this DVA-C02 question test?

Troubleshooting and Optimization — This question tests Troubleshooting and Optimization — S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs).

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: The policy does not include s3:PutObjectAcl permission. — The Lambda function fails with AccessDenied when putting objects, likely because the IAM policy does not include the s3:PutObjectAcl action. When writing objects with specific ACLs (e.g., bucket policy requires certain ACLs), the PutObjectAcl permission is necessary. Option A is correct because the policy lacks this permission. Option B is incorrect because the policy does include a statement for the S3 bucket (the Resource includes the bucket ARN for s3:PutObject) but it's missing s3:PutObjectAcl. Option C is incorrect because s3:GetObject does not conflict with s3:PutObject; it's just unnecessary. Option D is incorrect because the error is an S3 AccessDenied, not a KMS-related issue; KMS permissions are separate.

What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?

Review s3 Access Control Lists (ACLs), then practise related DVA-C02 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

What is the key concept behind this question?

S3 Access Control Lists (ACLs)

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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026

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