- A
The request is routed through CloudFront, which changes the source IP.
Why wrong: CloudFront can be configured to use origin access identity, but the source IP condition would see CloudFront's IPs, not the client's; however, this would cause denial, but the question states the IP range is allowed.
- B
The bucket owner's IAM user policy overrides the bucket policy.
Why wrong: IAM policies and bucket policies are evaluated independently; an allow in one does not override a deny in the other.
- C
The request is coming through a VPC endpoint, so the source IP is not the client's IP.
With VPC endpoints, the source IP is the endpoint's private IP, not the client's public IP; use 'aws:SourceVpce' instead.
- D
The condition key 'aws:SourceIp' is misspelled.
Why wrong: The correct spelling is 'aws:SourceIp'.
DVA-C02 Security Practice Question
This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company's S3 bucket policy includes a condition that uses 'aws:SourceIp' to restrict access to a specific IP range. However, requests from that IP range are still denied. What is a possible reason?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The request is coming through a VPC endpoint, so the source IP is not the client's IP.
When a request is made through a VPC endpoint (specifically a Gateway Endpoint for S3), the source IP address seen by S3 is the private IP of the VPC endpoint, not the client's original public IP. The 'aws:SourceIp' condition key evaluates the IP address from which the request originates at the network layer, but VPC endpoints use private IPs from the VPC CIDR range, which will not match the public IP range specified in the policy. This causes the condition to fail and the request to be denied, even though the client is within the intended IP range.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
The request is routed through CloudFront, which changes the source IP.
Why it's wrong here
CloudFront can be configured to use origin access identity, but the source IP condition would see CloudFront's IPs, not the client's; however, this would cause denial, but the question states the IP range is allowed.
- ✗
The bucket owner's IAM user policy overrides the bucket policy.
Why it's wrong here
IAM policies and bucket policies are evaluated independently; an allow in one does not override a deny in the other.
- ✓
The request is coming through a VPC endpoint, so the source IP is not the client's IP.
Why this is correct
With VPC endpoints, the source IP is the endpoint's private IP, not the client's public IP; use 'aws:SourceVpce' instead.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
The condition key 'aws:SourceIp' is misspelled.
Why it's wrong here
The correct spelling is 'aws:SourceIp'.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates assume 'aws:SourceIp' always reflects the client's original public IP, but they forget that VPC endpoints and proxies (like CloudFront or a NAT gateway) can change the source IP seen by the service, leading to unexpected denials.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
VPC Gateway Endpoints for S3 use a route table entry to direct traffic to the endpoint, and the source IP in the packet is replaced with the endpoint's private IP due to the way AWS handles the network address translation internally. This is a common pitfall because developers often assume the client's public IP is preserved, but the 'aws:SourceIp' condition operates on the IP address of the last hop before S3, which for VPC endpoints is the endpoint's private IP. In real-world scenarios, this can be resolved by using 'aws:VpcSourceIp' (available only for VPC endpoints) or by using a bucket policy with a VPC endpoint condition like 'aws:SourceVpce'.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Visual reference
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DVA-C02 question test?
Security — This question tests Security — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The request is coming through a VPC endpoint, so the source IP is not the client's IP. — When a request is made through a VPC endpoint (specifically a Gateway Endpoint for S3), the source IP address seen by S3 is the private IP of the VPC endpoint, not the client's original public IP. The 'aws:SourceIp' condition key evaluates the IP address from which the request originates at the network layer, but VPC endpoints use private IPs from the VPC CIDR range, which will not match the public IP range specified in the policy. This causes the condition to fail and the request to be denied, even though the client is within the intended IP range.
What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
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