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DVA-C02 Security Practice Question

This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A company has multiple AWS accounts managed under AWS Organizations. The security team requires that all Amazon S3 buckets with bucket names containing 'logs' must be encrypted with a specific KMS key (key ID: alias/logs-key) at rest. A developer must enforce this using an SCP (Service Control Policy). Which SCP effect and condition key should be used to deny any PutObject request that does not use the required KMS key?

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Full question →

A
Deny effect with a Condition: StringNotEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id
This SCP will deny any PutObject request that specifies a KMS key that is not the required key. The StringNotEquals condition ensures that if the request does not use the specific key ID, the request is denied. This is the standard way to enforce encryption with a specific KMS key using SCPs.
B
Deny effect with a Condition: StringEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption
Why wrong: The condition key s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption only checks whether encryption is requested (e.g., AES256 or aws:kms), but does not specify which KMS key. Using StringEquals with this key would deny requests that do not use the encryption header, but it would not enforce the use of a specific KMS key.
C
Allow effect with a Condition: StringEquals on kms:RequestTag/key-id
Why wrong: SCPs cannot use Allow effect to explicitly allow actions; they are used to deny. Also, kms:RequestTag/key-id is not a valid condition key for S3 PutObject. This approach is incorrect and insecure.
D
Deny effect with a Condition: IpAddress on aws:SourceIp
Why wrong: This condition restricts access based on IP address, not encryption. It does not enforce the use of a specific KMS key and is irrelevant to the requirement.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Deny effect with a Condition: StringNotEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id

Option A is correct because SCPs use a Deny effect to block non-compliant requests. The condition key `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` with `StringNotEquals` ensures that any PutObject request that does not specify the exact KMS key alias/logs-key is denied. This enforces encryption with the required key for all S3 buckets containing 'logs' in their name.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Deny effect with a Condition: StringNotEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id
Why this is correct
This SCP will deny any PutObject request that specifies a KMS key that is not the required key. The StringNotEquals condition ensures that if the request does not use the specific key ID, the request is denied. This is the standard way to enforce encryption with a specific KMS key using SCPs.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Deny effect with a Condition: StringEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption
Why it's wrong here
The condition key s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption only checks whether encryption is requested (e.g., AES256 or aws:kms), but does not specify which KMS key. Using StringEquals with this key would deny requests that do not use the encryption header, but it would not enforce the use of a specific KMS key.
✗
Allow effect with a Condition: StringEquals on kms:RequestTag/key-id
Why it's wrong here
SCPs cannot use Allow effect to explicitly allow actions; they are used to deny. Also, kms:RequestTag/key-id is not a valid condition key for S3 PutObject. This approach is incorrect and insecure.
✗
Deny effect with a Condition: IpAddress on aws:SourceIp
Why it's wrong here
This condition restricts access based on IP address, not encryption. It does not enforce the use of a specific KMS key and is irrelevant to the requirement.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates confuse `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption` (which only checks encryption type) with `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` (which checks the specific KMS key), leading them to choose Option B instead of A.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

SCPs are evaluated before IAM policies and resource-based policies; a Deny in an SCP overrides any Allow. The condition key `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` matches the value of the `x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` header in PutObject requests, which must be the full ARN or alias ARN of the KMS key. Using `StringNotEquals` ensures that only requests specifying the exact key alias/logs-key are allowed, while all others are denied.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this DVA-C02 question test?

Security — This question tests Security — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Deny effect with a Condition: StringNotEquals on s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id — Option A is correct because SCPs use a Deny effect to block non-compliant requests. The condition key `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` with `StringNotEquals` ensures that any PutObject request that does not specify the exact KMS key alias/logs-key is denied. This enforces encryption with the required key for all S3 buckets containing 'logs' in their name.

What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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