- A
"Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}}
This condition key allows you to specify the exact KMS key ARN that must be used. A StringNotEquals condition will deny requests that do not use the correct key.
- B
"Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption": "aws:kms"}}
Why wrong: This condition only checks that SSE-KMS is used, but does not enforce a specific key ID. Any KMS key would be accepted.
- C
"Condition": {"Null": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "true"}}
Why wrong: This condition denies requests if the key ID header is present, which is opposite of the requirement.
- D
"Condition": {"ArnNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}}
Why wrong: The condition key 's3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id' does not support ArnNotEquals; it uses StringNotEquals. Also, the key ID in the condition should be the full ARN.
DVA-C02 Security Practice Question
This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of security. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses an Amazon S3 bucket to store sensitive documents. The security team requires that all objects uploaded to the bucket must be encrypted at rest using server-side encryption with a customer-managed KMS key (SSE-KMS). A developer needs to enforce this by denying any PutObject request that does not specify the required encryption. Which bucket policy condition should be used?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
"Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}}
Option A is correct because the condition `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` with `StringNotEquals` explicitly denies any PutObject request that does not specify the exact customer-managed KMS key ARN. This enforces SSE-KMS with a specific key, meeting the security team's requirement that all objects must be encrypted at rest using that key.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
"Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}}
Why this is correct
This condition key allows you to specify the exact KMS key ARN that must be used. A StringNotEquals condition will deny requests that do not use the correct key.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
"Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption": "aws:kms"}}
Why it's wrong here
This condition only checks that SSE-KMS is used, but does not enforce a specific key ID. Any KMS key would be accepted.
- ✗
"Condition": {"Null": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "true"}}
Why it's wrong here
This condition denies requests if the key ID header is present, which is opposite of the requirement.
- ✗
"Condition": {"ArnNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}}
Why it's wrong here
The condition key 's3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id' does not support ArnNotEquals; it uses StringNotEquals. Also, the key ID in the condition should be the full ARN.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse the condition key for the encryption type (`s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption`) with the condition key for the specific KMS key ID (`s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id`), leading them to pick Option B which only enforces SSE-KMS but not a specific customer-managed key.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
The `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` condition key is used to match the exact KMS key ARN provided in the `x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` header of the PutObject request. When combined with `StringNotEquals`, the policy denies any request where the header value does not match the specified ARN, effectively blocking uploads that use a different KMS key or no encryption at all. This is a common pattern for enforcing strict encryption requirements in regulated environments.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DVA-C02 question test?
Security — This question tests Security — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: "Condition": {"StringNotEquals": {"s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/abc123"}} — Option A is correct because the condition `s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id` with `StringNotEquals` explicitly denies any PutObject request that does not specify the exact customer-managed KMS key ARN. This enforces SSE-KMS with a specific key, meeting the security team's requirement that all objects must be encrypted at rest using that key.
What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
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