- A
Grant the IAM role used by the application the kms:GenerateDataKey permission for the KMS key.
To use SSE-KMS, the caller needs permission to generate data keys.
- B
Set the default encryption on the S3 bucket to SSE-KMS and disable the option to override it.
Why wrong: Default encryption can be overridden by each PUT request; bucket policy is needed to enforce encryption.
- C
Set the x-amz-sse header to 'aws:kms' when uploading objects.
Why wrong: The correct header is 'x-amz-server-side-encryption' with value 'aws:kms'.
- D
Enable default encryption on the S3 bucket with SSE-S3.
Why wrong: SSE-S3 uses Amazon S3 managed keys, not KMS. The requirement is SSE-KMS.
- E
Configure an S3 bucket policy that denies PutObject requests if the request does not include the x-amz-server-side-encryption header.
This enforces SSE-KMS for all uploads.
DVA-C02 Development with AWS Services Practice Question
This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of development with aws services. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is using Amazon S3 to store sensitive data. The security team requires that all data be encrypted at rest. The developer must implement a solution that uses server-side encryption with AWS KMS managed keys (SSE-KMS). Which TWO steps are required to meet this requirement? (Choose TWO.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Grant the IAM role used by the application the kms:GenerateDataKey permission for the KMS key.
Options B and D are correct. Option B: The bucket policy must deny uploads without the x-amz-server-side-encryption header. Option D: The IAM role must have kms:GenerateDataKey permission. Option A is wrong because the header is 'x-amz-server-side-encryption' not 'x-amz-sse'. Option C is wrong because SSE-S3 uses Amazon S3 managed keys, not KMS. Option E is wrong because the default encryption setting can be overridden by individual PUT requests.
Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Grant the IAM role used by the application the kms:GenerateDataKey permission for the KMS key.
Why this is correct
To use SSE-KMS, the caller needs permission to generate data keys.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- ✗
Set the default encryption on the S3 bucket to SSE-KMS and disable the option to override it.
Why it's wrong here
Default encryption can be overridden by each PUT request; bucket policy is needed to enforce encryption.
- ✗
Set the x-amz-sse header to 'aws:kms' when uploading objects.
Why it's wrong here
The correct header is 'x-amz-server-side-encryption' with value 'aws:kms'.
- ✗
Enable default encryption on the S3 bucket with SSE-S3.
Why it's wrong here
SSE-S3 uses Amazon S3 managed keys, not KMS. The requirement is SSE-KMS.
- ✓
Configure an S3 bucket policy that denies PutObject requests if the request does not include the x-amz-server-side-encryption header.
Why this is correct
This enforces SSE-KMS for all uploads.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match
ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
- The first matching ACL entry is used.
- There is usually an implicit deny at the end.
TExam Day Tips
- Check inbound versus outbound direction.
- Read the ACL from top to bottom.
- Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.
Key takeaway
ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related DVA-C02 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DVA-C02 question test?
Development with AWS Services — This question tests Development with AWS Services — Standard ACLs match source addresses..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Grant the IAM role used by the application the kms:GenerateDataKey permission for the KMS key. — Options B and D are correct. Option B: The bucket policy must deny uploads without the x-amz-server-side-encryption header. Option D: The IAM role must have kms:GenerateDataKey permission. Option A is wrong because the header is 'x-amz-server-side-encryption' not 'x-amz-sse'. Option C is wrong because SSE-S3 uses Amazon S3 managed keys, not KMS. Option E is wrong because the default encryption setting can be overridden by individual PUT requests.
What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related DVA-C02 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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