DBS-C01 Database Security Practice Question
A company has an Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance that stores sensitive data. The security team wants to audit all SQL queries that read or modify specific columns containing personally identifiable information (PII). The audit logs must be stored for 5 years. Which solution should the database specialist implement?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use Oracle fine-grained auditing to create an audit policy on the specific columns and store logs in a custom table.
Amazon RDS for Oracle supports fine-grained auditing (FGA) to create audit policies on specific columns, and audit logs can be stored in a custom table with the desired retention period. Option B is incorrect because database activity streams capture all database activities and do not filter by specific columns, and they integrate with CloudWatch Logs where retention must be set separately. Option C is incorrect because RDS Enhanced Monitoring is for OS-level metrics, not SQL auditing. Option D is incorrect because Oracle Audit Vault and Database Firewall are not supported on Amazon RDS for Oracle.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Use Oracle fine-grained auditing to create an audit policy on the specific columns and store logs in a custom table.
Why this is correct
Fine-grained auditing allows column-level auditing.
- ✗
Enable database activity streams and send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs with a retention of 5 years.
Why it's wrong here
Activity streams capture all activities, not column-specific; retention can be set but filtering is not column-based.
- ✗
Enable RDS Enhanced Monitoring and enable SQL auditing in the parameter group.
Why it's wrong here
Enhanced Monitoring provides OS metrics, not SQL audit.
- ✗
Enable Oracle Audit Vault and Database Firewall.
Why it's wrong here
RDS does not support Oracle Audit Vault.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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