Quick Answer
The correct answer is aws:userId, aws:SourceIp, and aws:PrincipalOrgID. These three conditions are valid for restricting S3 bucket policy access based on the requester’s identity because they directly tie permissions to who or where the request originates from—aws:userId locks access to a specific IAM user’s unique ID, aws:SourceIp limits requests to a trusted network range, and aws:PrincipalOrgID ensures only accounts within your AWS Organization can access the bucket. On the AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 exam, this question tests your ability to distinguish identity-based conditions from non-identity ones, a common trap being that aws:Referer (an HTTP referrer check) and s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption (an encryption header) are unrelated to requester identity. To avoid confusion, remember the memory tip: “Identity is about who, not how or where from”—only conditions like userId, SourceIp, and OrgID directly answer “who is asking,” while others control request properties or environment.
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data security and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A data engineer needs to ensure that an S3 bucket policy follows the principle of least privilege. Which of the following are valid conditions to restrict access based on the requester's identity? (Choose THREE.)
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "least"
Why it matters: You want the option with minimum overhead, fewest steps, or lowest impact — not the most feature-rich or comprehensive answer.
aws:PrincipalOrgID
Restricts to accounts in an AWS Organization.
s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption
Why wrong: Conditions for encryption headers, not identity.
aws:Referer
Why wrong: Referer is not an identity-based condition.
aws:SourceIp
Restricts based on IP address of the requester.
aws:userId
Restricts to a specific IAM user ID.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
aws:PrincipalOrgID
Options A, C, and D are correct. aws:SourceIp restricts based on IP address. aws:PrincipalOrgID restricts to a specific AWS Organization. aws:userId restricts to a specific IAM user ID. Option B is wrong because aws:Referer is for HTTP referrer, not identity. Option E is wrong because s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption is for encryption, not identity.
Key principle: Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
aws:PrincipalOrgID
Why this is correct
Restricts to accounts in an AWS Organization.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "least" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption
Why it's wrong here
Conditions for encryption headers, not identity.
aws:Referer
Why it's wrong here
Referer is not an identity-based condition.
aws:SourceIp
Why this is correct
Restricts based on IP address of the requester.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "least" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
aws:userId
Why this is correct
Restricts to a specific IAM user ID.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "least" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
Common exam traps
Logging in proves the user can authenticate. It does not automatically mean the user is allowed to enter privileged or configuration mode. Watch for AAA authorization, privilege level and command authorization details.
Detailed technical explanation
This kind of question is testing the difference between identity and permission. A user may successfully log in to a router because authentication is working, but still fail to enter configuration mode because authorization is missing, misconfigured or mapped to a lower privilege level.
Key takeaway
Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Real-world example
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DEA-C01 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
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FAQ
Data Security and Governance — This question tests Data Security and Governance — Authentication checks who the user is..
The correct answer is: aws:PrincipalOrgID — Options A, C, and D are correct. aws:SourceIp restricts based on IP address. aws:PrincipalOrgID restricts to a specific AWS Organization. aws:userId restricts to a specific IAM user ID. Option B is wrong because aws:Referer is for HTTP referrer, not identity. Option E is wrong because s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption is for encryption, not identity.
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DEA-C01 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
Yes — watch for: "least". You want the option with minimum overhead, fewest steps, or lowest impact — not the most feature-rich or comprehensive answer.
Authentication checks who the user is.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This DEA-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the DEA-C01 exam.
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