Quick Answer
The correct answer includes the AWS Lambda function, Kinesis Data Firehose, and Kinesis Data Streams. This architecture works because Kinesis Data Streams serves as the durable ingestion layer, allowing multiple consumers to process the same stream independently. The Lambda function acts as a real-time consumer to trigger alerts, while Kinesis Data Firehose acts as a second consumer that batches and delivers the same data directly to Amazon S3 for historical analysis, eliminating the need for custom code. On the AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of the fan-out pattern with Kinesis, where Lambda handles low-latency processing and Firehose handles durable, near-real-time storage. A common trap is selecting Kinesis Data Analytics or SQS, but remember: Analytics is for SQL/Flink transformations, and SQS adds unnecessary decoupling when Firehose can read directly from the stream. Memory tip: “Lambda for alerts, Firehose for S3—two consumers, one stream.”
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data ingestion and transformation. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A data engineer is designing a streaming ingestion pipeline using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with multiple consumers. The data must be processed by a Lambda function for real-time alerts and also stored in Amazon S3 for historical analysis. Which THREE components are needed to implement this architecture? (Choose THREE.)
Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
Reads from the stream and delivers to S3.
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams
Serves as the primary ingestion endpoint.
AWS Lambda function
Consumes from the stream for real-time processing.
Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics
Why wrong: Not required for simple fire-and-forget to S3.
Amazon SQS queue
Why wrong: Unnecessary; Lambda can directly read from Kinesis.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
Kinesis Data Streams is the ingestion layer. Lambda can be a consumer for real-time alerts. Kinesis Data Firehose can read from the stream and write to S3. Option A is correct. Option B is correct. Option D is correct. Option C is wrong because Kinesis Data Analytics is for running SQL or Flink, not needed here. Option E is wrong because SQS is for decoupling, not needed for this pattern.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
Why this is correct
Reads from the stream and delivers to S3.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams
Why this is correct
Serves as the primary ingestion endpoint.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
AWS Lambda function
Why this is correct
Consumes from the stream for real-time processing.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics
Why it's wrong here
Not required for simple fire-and-forget to S3.
Amazon SQS queue
Why it's wrong here
Unnecessary; Lambda can directly read from Kinesis.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Data Ingestion and Transformation — This question tests Data Ingestion and Transformation — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose — Kinesis Data Streams is the ingestion layer. Lambda can be a consumer for real-time alerts. Kinesis Data Firehose can read from the stream and write to S3. Option A is correct. Option B is correct. Option D is correct. Option C is wrong because Kinesis Data Analytics is for running SQL or Flink, not needed here. Option E is wrong because SQS is for decoupling, not needed for this pattern.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This DEA-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the DEA-C01 exam.
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