Quick Answer
The answer is the AWS SDK and the Kinesis Producer Library (KPL). Both are valid services for ingesting data into Kinesis Data Streams because they act as producers that send records directly to the stream’s shards, with the KPL offering batching and retry logic on top of the raw SDK calls. On the AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 exam, this distinction tests your understanding of the producer-consumer boundary within the Kinesis ecosystem, where common traps include confusing downstream services like Kinesis Data Firehose or S3 as producers. A helpful memory tip is to remember that anything that writes to the stream is a producer—think “KPL and SDK are the only direct writers”—while Firehose, Glue, and S3 are always consumers or destinations, never sources.
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data ingestion and transformation. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A data engineer is designing a data ingestion pipeline for real-time clickstream data. Which TWO services can be used to ingest the data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams?
Amazon S3
Why wrong: S3 is a storage service, not a producer for Kinesis.
Kinesis Producer Library (KPL)
KPL is designed to send data to Kinesis Data Streams efficiently.
Kinesis Data Firehose
Why wrong: Firehose is a consumer, not a producer.
AWS SDK
AWS SDK can put records into Kinesis Data Streams.
AWS Glue
Why wrong: Glue is an ETL service, not a producer for Kinesis.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Kinesis Producer Library (KPL)
Options A and D are correct. The Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) is a library for producers to send data to Kinesis Data Streams. AWS SDK can also be used directly. Option B is wrong because Kinesis Data Firehose is a downstream consumer, not a producer. Option C is wrong because AWS Glue is an ETL service, not a producer. Option E is wrong because S3 is a destination, not a producer.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Amazon S3
Why it's wrong here
S3 is a storage service, not a producer for Kinesis.
Kinesis Producer Library (KPL)
Why this is correct
KPL is designed to send data to Kinesis Data Streams efficiently.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Kinesis Data Firehose
Why it's wrong here
Firehose is a consumer, not a producer.
AWS SDK
Why this is correct
AWS SDK can put records into Kinesis Data Streams.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
AWS Glue
Why it's wrong here
Glue is an ETL service, not a producer for Kinesis.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Data Ingestion and Transformation — This question tests Data Ingestion and Transformation — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) — Options A and D are correct. The Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) is a library for producers to send data to Kinesis Data Streams. AWS SDK can also be used directly. Option B is wrong because Kinesis Data Firehose is a downstream consumer, not a producer. Option C is wrong because AWS Glue is an ETL service, not a producer. Option E is wrong because S3 is a destination, not a producer.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This DEA-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the DEA-C01 exam.
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