- A
Set the default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key.
Correct. Setting default encryption to SSE-KMS ensures new objects are encrypted with the specified KMS key if no encryption header is provided.
- B
Add a bucket policy that requires the s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header and the kms:EncryptionContext condition.
Correct. Adding a bucket policy with conditions for s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id and kms:EncryptionContext enforces that PutObject requests include the specific KMS key and encryption context.
- C
Configure the bucket to use SSE-C and provide the encryption key.
Why wrong: Incorrect. SSE-C uses a customer-provided key, not AWS KMS, so it does not meet the requirement for SSE-KMS.
- D
Enable S3 Versioning on the bucket.
Why wrong: Incorrect. S3 Versioning does not relate to encryption or encryption context enforcement.
- E
Create an IAM role that includes kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions for the KMS key.
Correct. The IAM role must have kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions to allow applications to encrypt and decrypt data using the KMS key.
DEA-C01 SSE-KMS Practice Question
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data security and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. A key principle to apply: sSE-KMS. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company stores sensitive customer data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The security team requires that all data be encrypted at rest using server-side encryption with AWS KMS managed keys (SSE-KMS). Additionally, they want to ensure that the encryption context is enforced for all PutObject requests. Which THREE steps should be taken to meet these requirements?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Set the default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key.
To enforce SSE-KMS and encryption context, three steps are needed. First, set default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key (A). Second, add a bucket policy that requires the s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header and the kms:EncryptionContext condition key (B). Third, ensure the IAM role used by applications has kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions for the KMS key (E). Option C (SSE-C) is incorrect because it uses a customer-provided key, not KMS. Option D (versioning) does not enforce encryption context.
Key principle: SSE-KMS
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Set the default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key.
Why this is correct
Correct. Setting default encryption to SSE-KMS ensures new objects are encrypted with the specified KMS key if no encryption header is provided.
Related concept
SSE-KMS
- ✓
Add a bucket policy that requires the s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header and the kms:EncryptionContext condition.
Why this is correct
Correct. Adding a bucket policy with conditions for s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id and kms:EncryptionContext enforces that PutObject requests include the specific KMS key and encryption context.
Related concept
SSE-KMS
- ✗
Configure the bucket to use SSE-C and provide the encryption key.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. SSE-C uses a customer-provided key, not AWS KMS, so it does not meet the requirement for SSE-KMS.
- ✗
Enable S3 Versioning on the bucket.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. S3 Versioning does not relate to encryption or encryption context enforcement.
- ✓
Create an IAM role that includes kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions for the KMS key.
Why this is correct
Correct. The IAM role must have kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions to allow applications to encrypt and decrypt data using the KMS key.
Related concept
SSE-KMS
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Candidates might think that SSE-C is required to enforce encryption context, but encryption context can be enforced through a bucket policy condition with kms:EncryptionContext even with SSE-KMS.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Treat this as a scenario question. Identify the problem, the constraint, and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- SSE-KMS
- Encryption Context
- Bucket Policy Condition
- IAM KMS Permissions
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
SSE-KMS
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review sSE-KMS, then practise related DEA-C01 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
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Data Security and Governance — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DEA-C01 question test?
Data Security and Governance — This question tests Data Security and Governance — SSE-KMS.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Set the default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key. — To enforce SSE-KMS and encryption context, three steps are needed. First, set default encryption on the bucket to SSE-KMS with the desired KMS key (A). Second, add a bucket policy that requires the s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id header and the kms:EncryptionContext condition key (B). Third, ensure the IAM role used by applications has kms:GenerateDataKey and kms:Decrypt permissions for the KMS key (E). Option C (SSE-C) is incorrect because it uses a customer-provided key, not KMS. Option D (versioning) does not enforce encryption context.
What should I do if I get this DEA-C01 question wrong?
Review sSE-KMS, then practise related DEA-C01 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
What is the key concept behind this question?
SSE-KMS
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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