- A
Change the KMS key policy to require that any request to decrypt data must come from the Lake Formation service role.
Why wrong: KMS key policies do not control access to Lake Formation resources.
- B
Revoke the 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission from all IAM users and groups, and require that access be granted only through Lake Formation permissions.
This ensures that only Lake Formation permissions control data access.
- C
Remove the IAM policy that grants 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' from the specific user and ensure Lake Formation permissions are correctly set.
Why wrong: This only addresses one user; other users might still have similar IAM policies.
- D
Add an S3 bucket policy that denies all principals except the Lake Formation service role.
Why wrong: This would break legitimate access through Lake Formation and is not a scalable solution.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is to revoke the `lakeformation:GetDataAccess` permission from all IAM users and groups, ensuring that access is granted only through Lake Formation permissions. This is because `lakeformation:GetDataAccess` is the specific IAM action that allows a principal to bypass Lake Formation’s fine-grained access controls and directly query the data lake via services like Athena; removing it from all IAM policies forces every user to rely solely on Lake Formation’s own permission model. On the AWS Certified Data Engineer Associate DEA-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of the principle of least privilege and the separation of duties between IAM and Lake Formation—a common trap is thinking that restricting a single user or using S3 bucket policies is sufficient, but only revoking the action globally prevents any IAM-based bypass. Remember the memory tip: “GetDataAccess gets you in—remove it to keep Lake Formation in control.”
DEA-C01 Data Security and Governance Practice Question
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data security and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A healthcare organization uses AWS Lake Formation to manage a data lake in Amazon S3. The data lake contains sensitive patient information that must be encrypted at rest. The organization uses AWS KMS with a customer-managed key (CMK) for encryption. Recently, the security team noticed that a new IAM user was able to query the data lake using Amazon Athena without explicit permissions in Lake Formation. The data lake administrator suspects that the IAM user might have been granted access through an IAM policy that allows 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' without proper resource restrictions. The organization wants to enforce that only Lake Formation permissions control access to the data lake, and IAM policies should not grant access directly. What should they do?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Revoke the 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission from all IAM users and groups, and require that access be granted only through Lake Formation permissions.
Option C is correct because the 'Lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission is required for principals to access data through Lake Formation, and revoking it for all IAM users forces them to rely solely on Lake Formation permissions. Option A is wrong because IAM policies for Lake Formation actions (like GetDataAccess) can grant access to data lake resources; removing them from the specific user is not enough. Option B is wrong because S3 bucket policies would bypass Lake Formation's fine-grained access control. Option D is wrong because KMS keys do not control data access permissions; they control encryption.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Change the KMS key policy to require that any request to decrypt data must come from the Lake Formation service role.
Why it's wrong here
KMS key policies do not control access to Lake Formation resources.
- ✓
Revoke the 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission from all IAM users and groups, and require that access be granted only through Lake Formation permissions.
Why this is correct
This ensures that only Lake Formation permissions control data access.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Remove the IAM policy that grants 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' from the specific user and ensure Lake Formation permissions are correctly set.
Why it's wrong here
This only addresses one user; other users might still have similar IAM policies.
- ✗
Add an S3 bucket policy that denies all principals except the Lake Formation service role.
Why it's wrong here
This would break legitimate access through Lake Formation and is not a scalable solution.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Trap categories for this question
Similar concept trap
This only addresses one user; other users might still have similar IAM policies.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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Data Security and Governance — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DEA-C01 question test?
Data Security and Governance — This question tests Data Security and Governance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Revoke the 'lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission from all IAM users and groups, and require that access be granted only through Lake Formation permissions. — Option C is correct because the 'Lakeformation:GetDataAccess' permission is required for principals to access data through Lake Formation, and revoking it for all IAM users forces them to rely solely on Lake Formation permissions. Option A is wrong because IAM policies for Lake Formation actions (like GetDataAccess) can grant access to data lake resources; removing them from the specific user is not enough. Option B is wrong because S3 bucket policies would bypass Lake Formation's fine-grained access control. Option D is wrong because KMS keys do not control data access permissions; they control encryption.
What should I do if I get this DEA-C01 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DEA-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
About these practice questions
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Same concept, more angles
1 more ways this is tested on DEA-C01
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A data engineer runs an AWS Glue ETL job that reads from a table in the AWS Glue Data Catalog. The job fails with the error shown. The IAM role used by the Glue job has the following policy attached: { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "glue:GetTable", "glue:GetDatabase" ], "Resource": "*" } ] } What should be added to the IAM role's policy to resolve the error?
hard- A.s3:GetObject on the underlying S3 bucket
- B.glue:GetTable on the specific table resource
- ✓ C.lakeformation:GetDataAccess on the table resource
- D.kms:Decrypt on the KMS key
Why C: Option C is correct. Lake Formation requires lakeformation:GetDataAccess permission on the table. Option A is wrong because the error is about Lake Formation, not S3. Option B is wrong because the role already has glue:GetTable. Option D is wrong because kms:Decrypt is not indicated.
Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This DEA-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the DEA-C01 exam.
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