Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →mediummultiple choiceObjective-mapped
A healthcare company is migrating patient records to Amazon S3. The company must comply with HIPAA and needs to automatically identify any S3 buckets that contain protected health information (PHI) and generate alerts. The solution must be fully managed and require no manual effort to scan the data. Which AWS service should the company use?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.
A
Best answer
Amazon Macie
Correct. Amazon Macie is designed to automatically discover, classify, and protect sensitive data in Amazon S3, including PHI, using machine learning. It requires no manual scanning and integrates with AWS Security Hub for alerting.
B
Distractor review
Amazon Inspector
Incorrect. Amazon Inspector is a vulnerability management service that scans Amazon EC2 instances and container images for software vulnerabilities and unintended network exposure. It does not scan S3 data content for sensitive information.
C
Distractor review
AWS Config
Incorrect. AWS Config is a service that evaluates and records the configuration of AWS resources, such as whether an S3 bucket is publicly accessible. It does not analyze the contents of S3 objects for sensitive data like PHI.
D
Distractor review
AWS Security Hub
Incorrect. AWS Security Hub provides a centralized view of security alerts and compliance status across multiple AWS accounts. It can aggregate findings from Amazon Macie, but by itself it does not discover sensitive data in S3.
Common exam trap
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Technical deep dive
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
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More questions from this exam
Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.
Question 1
A developer needs to launch a test server for a new application prototype. The developer logs into the AWS Management Console, selects an Amazon EC2 instance type, configures the security group, and starts the instance. The instance is running within two minutes, and the developer did not need to submit a formal request to the company's IT procurement team or wait for approval from a cloud administrator. Which essential characteristic of cloud computing does this scenario best demonstrate?
Question 2
A solutions architect is planning a new web application on AWS. The workload will include 3 Amazon EC2 instances (t3.medium) running 24/7, an Application Load Balancer, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL db.t3.small database. The architect needs to estimate the monthly cost for the first year, considering different purchasing options (On-Demand, 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instance, and Compute Savings Plan). Which AWS tool should the architect use to create this estimate?
Question 3
A company's development team frequently needs temporary test environments. A developer can log into the AWS Management Console, select an Amazon EC2 instance type, configure storage, and launch the instance within minutes without any interaction with the IT infrastructure team. This capability is an example of which essential characteristic of cloud computing?
Question 4
A company's finance team needs to analyze AWS spending in detail. They require a report that includes hourly cost data for each AWS service, each individual resource (e.g., a specific EC2 instance), and any cost allocation tags applied. The team plans to export this data to an Amazon S3 bucket and then import it into a custom business intelligence (BI) analytics dashboard. Which AWS tool should the finance team use to generate this level of detailed cost data?
Question 5
A company uses AWS for its development environment. The finance team wants to set a monthly budget of $10,000. They want to receive an email notification when the actual costs reach 80% of the budget ($8,000) and again when costs exceed the budget. The team needs a managed AWS service that can automatically send these alerts without requiring custom code or third-party tools. Which AWS service should the team use?
Question 6
A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. The security team needs to enforce a policy that restricts SSH access (port 22) from the internet (0.0.0.0/0) in all VPCs across all accounts. The team wants to centrally define the allowed rules and automatically apply them to newly created VPCs and security groups, while also automatically remediating any existing non-compliant security groups. Which AWS service should the team use?
FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this CLF-C02 question test?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Amazon Macie — Amazon Macie is a fully managed data security and data privacy service that uses machine learning and pattern matching to discover, classify, and protect sensitive data stored in Amazon S3. It can automatically identify protected health information (PHI) and generate alerts, meeting the compliance requirements without manual scanning. The other options serve different purposes: Amazon Inspector assesses vulnerabilities in EC2 instances and container images; AWS Config evaluates and records resource configuration changes; AWS Security Hub aggregates and prioritizes security findings from multiple AWS services.
What should I do if I get this CLF-C02 question wrong?
Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.
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