AIF-C01 Applications of Foundation Models Practice Question
A company uses Amazon Bedrock to build a conversational AI. They want to enforce role-based access to the model. Which AWS service should they use?
⚠ Common exam trap
Test-takers frequently confuse AWS Config (which audits configurations) or CloudTrail (which logs actions) with IAM, mistakenly thinking that logging or compliance tools can enforce access control, when in fact only IAM provides the authorization layer for Bedrock model invocation.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is the correct service because it enables fine-grained, role-based access control (RBAC) to Amazon Bedrock models. You can define IAM policies that specify which principals (users, groups, or roles) are allowed to invoke specific foundation models, ensuring that only authorized roles can interact with the conversational AI.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
AWS Config
Why it's wrong here
AWS Config evaluates resource configuration compliance; it records and assesses settings but does not authorise model access. It is tempting because it enforces configuration rules, but it would be correct for detecting and remediating non-compliant resource configurations rather than granting role-based permissions.
- ✓
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
Why this is correct
AWS IAM supplies the role-based access control the stem demands, letting you attach identity-based policies to roles and users that permit or deny specific Bedrock actions such as InvokeModel on particular model ARNs. Bedrock integrates with IAM for authorisation, so permissions are enforced per caller without application-level checks.
- ✗
AWS CloudTrail
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail records API activity for auditing; it does not grant or enforce permissions, so it cannot implement role-based access to Bedrock models. It is tempting because it tracks who called what, but it would be correct for auditing and compliance logging rather than authorisation.
- ✗
AWS Organizations
Why it's wrong here
AWS Organizations manages accounts and consolidated billing, not per-model authorisation for Bedrock inference. It is tempting because it centralises account governance, but it would be correct for applying service control policies across many accounts rather than enforcing role-based access to a model.
Quick reference
Access Control Model Comparison
| Model | Acronym | Who Controls Access? | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discretionary Access Control | DAC | Resource owner | Small teams, file shares |
| Mandatory Access Control | MAC | System / security labels | Classified govt / military |
| Role-Based Access Control | RBAC | Administrator (via roles) | Enterprise environments |
| Attribute-Based Access Control | ABAC | Policy engine (user + resource attributes) | Fine-grained, dynamic policies |
| Rule-Based Access Control | RuBAC | System rules / ACLs | Firewall rules, network ACLs |
Go deeper
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This AIF-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AIF-C01 exam.