- A
Enable S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) for the training data bucket
SSE-KMS encrypts objects at rest using KMS keys.
- B
Create an AWS CloudTrail trail to log all S3 data events
Why wrong: CloudTrail logs access, but does not provide encryption.
- C
Enable encryption at rest for the SageMaker endpoint using the AWS Management Console
Why wrong: SageMaker endpoint encryption at rest applies to the ML storage volume, not the training data in S3.
- D
Disable internet access for the SageMaker notebook instance by placing it in a VPC without a NAT gateway or internet gateway
This prevents the notebook from reaching the internet.
- E
Use AWS Security Token Service (STS) to generate temporary credentials for the notebook instance
Why wrong: STS provides credentials, but does not control internet access.
AIF-C01 Practice Question: Security, Compliance and Governance for AI Solutions
This AIF-C01 practice question tests your understanding of security, compliance and governance for ai solutions. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is using Amazon SageMaker to train machine learning models. The security team wants to ensure that the training data is encrypted at rest and that the SageMaker notebook instances cannot access the internet. Which TWO actions should the company take? (Choose TWO.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Enable S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) for the training data bucket
Option A is correct because enabling S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) ensures that the training data stored in the S3 bucket is encrypted at rest. This satisfies the security team's requirement for data encryption at rest, as SSE-KMS provides envelope encryption with a customer-managed or AWS-managed KMS key, giving the company control over the encryption keys and auditability via AWS CloudTrail.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Enable S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) for the training data bucket
Why this is correct
SSE-KMS encrypts objects at rest using KMS keys.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create an AWS CloudTrail trail to log all S3 data events
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail logs access, but does not provide encryption.
- ✗
Enable encryption at rest for the SageMaker endpoint using the AWS Management Console
Why it's wrong here
SageMaker endpoint encryption at rest applies to the ML storage volume, not the training data in S3.
- ✓
Disable internet access for the SageMaker notebook instance by placing it in a VPC without a NAT gateway or internet gateway
Why this is correct
This prevents the notebook from reaching the internet.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use AWS Security Token Service (STS) to generate temporary credentials for the notebook instance
Why it's wrong here
STS provides credentials, but does not control internet access.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse encryption at rest for the endpoint (Option C) with encryption of the training data in S3, or they mistakenly think that CloudTrail logging (Option B) or STS credentials (Option E) provide encryption, when in fact they address auditing and access control, not data encryption.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
S3 SSE-KMS uses envelope encryption where a KMS key encrypts a data key, and that data key encrypts the object; this allows for key rotation and fine-grained access control via KMS policies. Disabling internet access for a SageMaker notebook instance requires placing it in a VPC that has no route to an internet gateway or NAT gateway, and also setting the 'Direct Internet Access' option to 'Disabled' in the notebook instance configuration; without this, the instance can still reach the internet via a public subnet. A common real-world scenario is a financial services company that must comply with PCI DSS, requiring both encryption of data at rest and network isolation of processing environments.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AIF-C01 question test?
Security, Compliance and Governance for AI Solutions — This question tests Security, Compliance and Governance for AI Solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) for the training data bucket — Option A is correct because enabling S3 server-side encryption with AWS KMS (SSE-KMS) ensures that the training data stored in the S3 bucket is encrypted at rest. This satisfies the security team's requirement for data encryption at rest, as SSE-KMS provides envelope encryption with a customer-managed or AWS-managed KMS key, giving the company control over the encryption keys and auditability via AWS CloudTrail.
What should I do if I get this AIF-C01 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 25, 2026
This AIF-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AIF-C01 exam.
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