Spanning TreeInterface Config

spanning-tree bpduguard enable

Enables BPDU guard on an interface to protect against unauthorized switches by disabling the port if a BPDU is received, typically used on access ports to prevent bridge loops from rogue devices.

Syntax·Interface Config
spanning-tree bpduguard enable

When to Use This Command

  • Securing access ports on a switch to prevent a rogue switch from being connected and causing a bridging loop.
  • Enforcing port security in a campus network where only end devices (PCs, printers) should be connected.
  • Protecting the root bridge from being usurped by an unauthorized switch sending superior BPDUs.
  • Automatically error-disabling a port when a BPDU is received, reducing manual intervention for loop prevention.

Command Examples

Enable BPDU Guard on an Access Port

interface GigabitEthernet0/1 switchport mode access spanning-tree bpduguard enable
Switch(config-if)# spanning-tree bpduguard enable
Switch(config-if)# end
Switch# show spanning-tree interface GigabitEthernet0/1 detail
Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) of VLAN 1 is forwarding
  Port path cost 4, Port priority 128, Port Identifier 128.1.
  Designated root has priority 32768, address aabb.cc00.0100
  Designated bridge has priority 32768, address aabb.cc00.0100
  Designated port id is 128.1, designated path cost 0
  Timers: message age 0, forward delay 0, hold 0
  Number of transitions to forwarding state: 1
  BPDU: sent 3, received 0
  BPDU guard: enabled

The command enables BPDU guard on the interface. The output shows the interface is forwarding, BPDU guard is enabled, and no BPDUs have been received. If a BPDU were received, the port would transition to errdisable state.

Verify BPDU Guard Status and Errdisable Recovery

show interfaces status err-disabled
Port         Name               Status       Reason
Gi0/1        Access Port        err-disabled bpduguard
Gi0/2        Trunk Port         err-disabled bpduguard

This output shows ports that are in errdisable state due to BPDU guard. The 'Reason' column indicates 'bpduguard' as the cause. To recover, the port must be manually re-enabled or configured with errdisable recovery.

Understanding the Output

The 'show spanning-tree interface <interface> detail' command displays BPDU guard status under the interface details. The 'BPDU guard: enabled' line confirms the feature is active. If a BPDU is received, the port enters errdisable state, which can be seen with 'show interfaces status err-disabled' where the reason is 'bpduguard'. Key fields: 'BPDU: sent 3, received 0' indicates no BPDUs received; if received count increases, the port will error-disable. In production, watch for errdisable ports to identify rogue devices or misconfigurations.

CCNA Exam Tips

1.

BPDU guard is configured per interface, not globally, unless using 'spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default'.

2.

BPDU guard is typically used with PortFast on access ports; a BPDU received on a PortFast port triggers errdisable.

3.

The exam may test that BPDU guard disables the port upon receiving any BPDU, not just superior ones.

4.

Remember that BPDU guard is a Layer 2 security feature; it does not prevent BPDU transmission, only reception.

Common Mistakes

Enabling BPDU guard on trunk ports, which can cause legitimate BPDUs to disable the port.

Forgetting to configure errdisable recovery, requiring manual intervention to bring the port back up.

Confusing BPDU guard with BPDU filter; BPDU filter prevents sending/receiving BPDUs, while guard only disables on receipt.

Related Commands

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