SecurityInterface Config

ip dhcp snooping limit rate [pps]

Limits the rate of DHCP packets processed by DHCP snooping on an interface to prevent DHCP starvation attacks.

Syntax·Interface Config
ip dhcp snooping limit rate [pps]

When to Use This Command

  • Configure on access ports connected to untrusted devices to limit DHCP packet rate to 100 pps.
  • Apply on trunk ports to restrict DHCP traffic from downstream switches.
  • Set a low rate limit on ports in high-security zones to mitigate DHCP flooding.
  • Use on ports connecting to IP phones to prevent excessive DHCP requests.

Command Examples

Basic rate limit configuration

ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100
Switch(config-if)#ip dhcp snooping limit rate 100
Switch(config-if)#

No output is shown upon successful configuration. The command sets a rate limit of 100 packets per second on the interface.

Verifying rate limit configuration

show ip dhcp snooping interface GigabitEthernet0/1
Interface                     Trusted    Rate limit (pps)
----------------------------- ---------- ------------------
GigabitEthernet0/1            no         100

The output shows the interface, whether it is trusted (no), and the configured rate limit in packets per second (100).

Understanding the Output

The 'show ip dhcp snooping interface' command displays per-interface DHCP snooping settings. The 'Trusted' column indicates if the interface is trusted (yes) or untrusted (no). The 'Rate limit (pps)' column shows the configured maximum DHCP packets per second. A value of 'unlimited' means no rate limit is applied. In a real network, untrusted ports should have a rate limit (e.g., 100 pps) to prevent DHCP starvation. If the rate limit is exceeded, the interface will be err-disabled (if errdisable recovery is not configured). Watch for interfaces that show 'unlimited' on untrusted ports—this is a security risk.

CCNA Exam Tips

1.

CCNA exam may test that rate limiting is only effective on untrusted ports; trusted ports ignore the limit.

2.

Remember that exceeding the rate limit causes the interface to go into errdisable state; recovery requires manual intervention or errdisable recovery.

3.

The default rate limit is unlimited; you must explicitly configure it for protection.

4.

Rate limiting is configured in packets per second (pps), not bits per second.

Common Mistakes

Applying rate limit on trusted ports, which is ignored and wastes configuration effort.

Setting the rate limit too low (e.g., 1 pps) causing legitimate DHCP traffic to trigger errdisable.

Forgetting to configure errdisable recovery, leading to manual interface shutdown recovery.

Related Commands

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