VPNGlobal Config

crypto map [name] [seq] ipsec-isakmp

Creates or modifies a crypto map entry for IPsec VPN configuration, defining the security policies and peer parameters for IKE and IPsec negotiations.

Syntax·Global Config
crypto map [name] [seq] ipsec-isakmp

When to Use This Command

  • Configuring a site-to-site VPN between two branch offices to securely transmit data over the internet.
  • Setting up a remote access VPN for teleworkers to connect to the corporate network.
  • Defining multiple crypto map entries with different sequence numbers to support multiple VPN peers or policies.
  • Applying a crypto map to an interface to enable IPsec encryption on that interface.

Command Examples

Basic site-to-site VPN crypto map

crypto map CMAP 10 ipsec-isakmp
crypto map CMAP 10 ipsec-isakmp
    description VPN to Branch Office
    set peer 203.0.113.1
    set transform-set AES256-SHA
    match address 101

The crypto map named 'CMAP' with sequence number 10 is created. The 'description' provides a human-readable note. 'set peer' specifies the remote VPN gateway IP. 'set transform-set' defines the encryption and authentication algorithms. 'match address' references an access list that identifies traffic to be encrypted.

Crypto map with multiple peers and PFS

crypto map VPN 20 ipsec-isakmp
crypto map VPN 20 ipsec-isakmp
    set peer 198.51.100.1
    set peer 198.51.100.2
    set transform-set AES128-SHA
    set pfs group14
    match address 102

This crypto map entry has two peers for redundancy. 'set pfs group14' enables Perfect Forward Secrecy using Diffie-Hellman group 14. The transform set uses AES-128 with SHA authentication. Access list 102 defines the interesting traffic.

Understanding the Output

The 'show crypto map' command displays all configured crypto maps. Each entry shows the map name, sequence number, and configuration details. Key fields include: 'description' (optional note), 'set peer' (remote VPN peer IP), 'set transform-set' (encryption and hash algorithms), 'match address' (access list for interesting traffic), and 'set pfs' (PFS group if configured). A good configuration shows all desired parameters present; missing fields like 'set peer' or 'match address' indicate incomplete setup. Watch for mismatched transform sets or peer IPs that could cause negotiation failures.

CCNA Exam Tips

1.

CCNA exam tip: Crypto map sequence numbers determine the order of evaluation; lower numbers are processed first.

2.

CCNA exam tip: The 'match address' access list must permit the traffic to be encrypted; deny entries are ignored for crypto.

3.

CCNA exam tip: A crypto map must be applied to an interface using 'crypto map [name]' in interface configuration mode to activate IPsec.

4.

CCNA exam tip: For dynamic crypto maps (used in remote access), use 'crypto dynamic-map' instead of 'crypto map'.

Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Forgetting to apply the crypto map to an interface, resulting in no IPsec encryption despite configuration.

Mistake 2: Using an access list that does not match the actual traffic, causing VPN to not encrypt or to encrypt wrong traffic.

Mistake 3: Configuring mismatched transform sets or IKE policies between peers, leading to negotiation failures.

Related Commands

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