SALESFORCE-PD1 Hard Questions — 25 Difficult Questions

Question 1

A developer needs to iterate over a map of Account IDs to Account sObjects and perform processing on each value. Which loop construct is valid Apex?

Accepted Answer

for(Account acc : myMap.values()) { ... }. Iterating over map values is done using map.values() in a for-loop: for(Account acc : myMap.values()).

Answer

for(KeyValue kv : myMap.entrySet()) { ... }

Answer

for(Account acc : myMap) { ... }

Answer

for(Id id : myMap.iterator()) { ... }

Question 2

A developer creates an Apex trigger that updates related Contact records whenever an Account record is updated. The trigger performs a DML operation on the Contacts. During testing, updating an Account causes the trigger to fire infinitely and throw a System.LimitException: Maximum trigger depth exceeded. Which design pattern should the developer implement to prevent this recursion?

Accepted Answer

Use a static boolean flag in a helper class to ensure the trigger block executes only once per transaction.. Using a static boolean flag in a helper class is the standard Salesforce pattern to prevent recursive trigger execution by tracking whether the trigger logic has already run in the current transaction.

Answer

Use a Database.setSavepoint() before the DML operation to rollback if recursion occurs.

Answer

Convert the trigger logic into a Queueable Apex job to defer execution to a separate transaction.

Answer

Check Trigger.isExecuting to determine if the trigger is running in a recursive context.

Question 3

A developer is configuring a Lightning Web Component that uses the Lightning Message Service (LMS). Which module must be imported to publish a message on a message channel?

Accepted Answer

lightning/messageService. publish function and the message channel reference are imported from lightning/messageService and the channel definition file respectively.

Answer

lightning/uiRecordApi

Answer

lightning/empApi

Answer

lightning/navigation

Question 4

A developer creates a custom LWC that wraps child components. The developer needs to pass styling from the parent component into specific slots of the child component. Which CSS selector should be used inside the child component to style content passed into a slot?

Accepted Answer

::slotted(). The ::slotted() pseudo-class selector is used in the child component's stylesheet to target nodes slotted into a <slot> element.

Answer

:content

Answer

:scope

Answer

:host

Question 5

A developer writes an Apex method that executes a SOQL query inside a for-loop over a list of 200 Account records. Which governor limit is most likely to be immediately breached?

Accepted Answer

Total number of SOQL queries issued. The synchronous limit for SOQL queries is 100 per transaction. Querying inside a loop over 200 records will exceed this limit.

Answer

Total heap size allocation

Answer

Maximum CPU time on Salesforce servers

Answer

Total number of records retrieved by SOQL queries

Question 6

A developer needs to write a secure SOQL query that prevents unauthorized data exposure by respecting both sharing rules and field-level security. Which TWO approaches can the developer combine to achieve this? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Include the 'WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED' clause in the SOQL query.. Sharing rules are enforced via class keywords, while FLS can be enforced using WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED or Security.stripInaccessible.

Answer

Disable FLS checks in user profile settings before executing queries.

Answer

Execute queries inside an asynchronous @future method.

Answer

Use the 'without sharing' keyword on all transaction controllers.

Question 7

When deploying via Metadata API, what happens if a test class fails during the deployment?

Accepted Answer

The deployment fails and rolls back all changes.. When deploying via Metadata API, if 'runAllTests' is set to true (or if tests are required by the deployment settings), a test failure causes the entire deployment to fail and roll back. However, if tests are not required or not triggered, the deployment can succeed. The explanation should clarify that this behavior is dependent on the deployment configuration.

Answer

Only the failing test class is ignored.

Answer

The deployment succeeds but flags a warning.

Answer

The deployment continues but prevents Apex compilation.

Question 8

An Apex transaction performs a DML operation, followed by a callout to an external REST API, followed by another DML operation. What exception will Salesforce throw?

Accepted Answer

CalloutException. Salesforce throws a CalloutException when a DML operation has occurred before a callout in the same transaction, to prevent database locks.

Answer

AsyncException

Answer

LimitException

Answer

SystemException

Question 9

A developer creates a custom Lightning Web Component that includes a wired property to retrieve account records. The component needs to react dynamically when the record data is updated via another component on the page. Which decorator should be used on the JavaScript property to receive reactive updates?

Accepted Answer

@wire. The @wire decorator in Lightning Web Components provisions a stream of data to a property or function reactively.

Answer

@api

Answer

@track

Answer

@readonly

Question 10

Which THREE features are supported in Salesforce scratch orgs? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Installing unlocked and managed packages for testing.. Scratch orgs support source tracking, custom configurations, and feature activation.

Answer

Permanent production status with unlimited user licenses.

Answer

Directly modifying standard Salesforce platform source code.

Question 11

A Queueable Apex job implements Database.AllowsCallouts and chains another Queueable job. What is the maximum number of jobs that can be chained in a single transaction chain?

Accepted Answer

5. In Salesforce, a Queueable job can be chained by calling System.enqueueJob() from within the execute method. You can chain up to 5 jobs in a transaction chain (starting with the original job and chaining up to 4 subsequent jobs, resulting in a maximum depth of 5).

Answer

Unlimited

Answer

1

Answer

50

Question 12

When using the Salesforce CLI to deploy, what is the 'check-only' flag used for?

Accepted Answer

To validate the metadata without saving it to the org.. It validates the deployment without committing changes to the target org.

Answer

To force the deployment despite test failures.

Answer

To skip the compilation check.

Answer

To run only the tests.

Question 13

Which THREE limitations apply to Apex Triggers? (Choose THREE.)

Accepted Answer

Triggers cannot perform DML statements directly without bulkification consideration (though syntax allows it, governor limits prevent it). Let's use: Triggers cannot use return types or be called directly from user interface buttons without wrapper classes/flows.. Apex triggers have specific platform limitations. They cannot make synchronous outbound callouts (must use asynchronous processes like @future or Queueable). They have a maximum trigger recursion stack depth of 16. Additionally, triggers cannot be called directly from the user interface or return values directly, and they execute in batches of up to 200 records (meaning platform limits apply to chunk sizes, but more importantly, triggers cannot exceed governor limits on DML). Wait, let's fix the options to be standard Salesforce multiple-choice questions.

Answer

Triggers cannot be defined on standard objects, only custom objects.

Answer

Triggers cannot process more than 200 records in a single batch chunk.

Question 14

When testing asynchronous Apex, how do you ensure that the scheduled job has finished before asserting results?

Accepted Answer

Use Test.stopTest(). Test.stopTest() forces any asynchronous processes, such as @future or Schedulables, to execute before the code execution continues.

Answer

Query the AsyncApexJob object

Answer

Use System.runAs()

Answer

Use Thread.sleep()

Question 15

A developer implements a Batch Apex class that updates millions of records. During the execution of the execute method, a transient database error occurs on a single record. What happens to the batch job by default if Database.executeBatch is called without additional parameters?

Accepted Answer

The entire batch job fails immediately, and no further chunks are processed.. By default, if an unhandled exception occurs in a batch chunk, the entire batch job fails and the error is logged, unless Database.insert is used with allOrNone set or exception handling is implemented.

Answer

The failed record is placed in a retry queue for asynchronous reprocessing.

Answer

Only the failed record is rolled back, and the batch continues processing the remaining records.

Answer

The entire database transaction is rolled back, but the batch continues to the next execute method.

Question 16

What is the primary constraint on using @testSetup?

Accepted Answer

It must be a void method.. In Salesforce Apex, a method annotated with @testSetup is used to insert test data once for all test methods in a class. The primary structural constraint on a @testSetup method is that it must be static and return no value (void).

Answer

It creates data that is isolated from the test methods.

Answer

It cannot interact with the database.

Answer

It can only be used once per project.

Question 17

When testing a class that depends on Custom Settings, what is the best practice?

Accepted Answer

Mock the custom settings using a wrapper class.. Salesforce unit tests cannot access organization-level or user-level Custom Settings created in production unless they are inserted as test data within the test context, or retrieved using methods like 'getOrgDefaults()' if specific conditions are met, but best practice is to insert test-specific Custom Setting records in the test setup (TestSetup). Mocking with a wrapper class (Option C) is not the standard or best practice for Salesforce custom settings, whereas creating them in the test method/setup (as described in the explanation) corresponds to using test data rather than mocking.

Answer

Ignore the custom settings in the test.

Answer

Hardcode the values into the test.

Answer

Use the production custom settings.

Question 18

A developer is working with the Lightning Data Service (LDS) via the @wire decorator to get record data. The record is updated elsewhere in the app, and the developer wants to imperatively refresh the wire data cache. Which function should be called?

Accepted Answer

refreshApex(). To refresh or invalidate the Lightning Data Service (LDS) cache when a record is updated elsewhere, the correct function is getRecordNotifyChange (from 'lightning/uiRecordApi'). refreshApex() is used to refresh data provisioned specifically by an @wire adapter calling an Apex method, not standard LDS wire adapters.

Answer

rehashData()

Answer

force:refreshView

Answer

reloadRecord()

Question 19

During the Salesforce save order of execution, when are before triggers executed relative to custom validation rules?

Accepted Answer

Before triggers execute before custom validation rules.. Before triggers execute before custom validation rules are evaluated, allowing developers to modify field values before validation checks run.

Answer

Before triggers execute after custom validation rules.

Answer

Before triggers execute after the record is committed to the database.

Answer

Before triggers execute concurrently with custom validation rules.

Question 20

A developer is troubleshooting a transaction that exceeds governor limits due to SOQL queries. Which THREE techniques help prevent hitting SOQL query limits in Apex? (Choose THREE.)

Accepted Answer

Using maps and collections to store query results and perform in-memory lookups instead of querying inside loops.. Avoiding queries in loops, using aggregate queries, and caching results in maps/collections help avoid SOQL query limit issues.

Answer

Executing SOQL queries inside a for loop iterating over all child records.

Answer

Calling Database.query() for every single record processed in a trigger.