SALESFORCE-PD1 Developer Fundamentals Practice Test 8 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Which THREE techniques help prevent hitting governor limits when writing SOQL queries in Apex? Choose 3 answers.

Accepted Answer

Filtering queries using indexed fields (such as Id, Name, or external IDs) where possible.. Best practices include querying into collections, using bind variables, and filtering with indexed fields.

Answer

Omitting LIMIT clauses on large queries to ensure all records are fetched at once.

Answer

Placing SOQL queries inside helper methods called within loops.

Question 2

Which THREE factors can cause an Apex CPU time limit exception in a synchronous transaction? Choose 3 answers.

Accepted Answer

Executing nested loops over large collections of sObjects.. Heavy loops, complex triggers, inefficient nested queries or collections processing, and excessive regex or string manipulations contribute to CPU time exhaustion.

Answer

Invoking too many SOQL queries within the 100 query limit.

Answer

Exceeding the total number of allowed DML statements.

Question 3

An Apex trigger executes a query inside a for-loop to fetch related child records for every parent Account in Trigger.new. The developer notices that when a data load of 200 accounts occurs, the governor limit for total SOQL queries issued is exceeded. How should the developer refactor the code?

Accepted Answer

Collect the Account IDs in a Set and execute a single SOQL query outside the loop using the IN operator.. To avoid hitting the governor limit of 100 SOQL queries per transaction, queries must be moved outside of loops and bulkified using collections.

Answer

Annotate the trigger with @ReadOnly to increase the query limit.

Answer

Wrap the query in a try-catch block and catch the QueryException.

Answer

Use the Database.executeBatch method to process each account in a separate transaction.

Question 4

A developer wants to define a constant value in an Apex class that can be accessed globally without instantiating the class. Which combination of keywords should be used?

Accepted Answer

public static final. Constants in Apex are defined using the 'static' and 'final' keywords to ensure they belong to the class and cannot be modified.

Answer

protected static

Answer

private volatile

Answer

global transient

Question 5

A developer is writing an Apex method and needs to store a collection of unique email addresses while maintaining fast lookup times. Which collection should the developer choose?

Accepted Answer

Set<String>. Sets in Apex store unique elements and provide efficient membership testing methods like contains().

Answer

List<String>

Answer

Queue<String>

Answer

Map<String, Integer>

Question 6

A developer wants to retrieve up to 5 recently viewed records of any object type using SOSL. Which SOSL clause specifies the maximum number of records to return?

Accepted Answer

LIMIT 5. SOSL search results can be limited using the LIMIT clause at the end of the query statement.

Answer

TOP 5

Answer

MAX 5

Answer

ROWS 5

Question 7

A developer needs to assign a default value to a custom picklist field via Apex when creating a Lead record. What data type should be assigned to the picklist field in Apex?

Accepted Answer

String. Picklist fields in Salesforce are represented as Strings in Apex when assigned or retrieved via sObjects.

Answer

Boolean

Answer

PicklistEntry

Answer

Integer

Question 8

A developer needs to check if a specific key exists in a Map<String, Decimal> before retrieving its value. Which Map method should be used?

Accepted Answer

containsKey(). The containsKey() method checks whether a specified key exists in a Map instance.

Answer

hasKey()

Answer

contains()

Answer

exists()

Question 9

A developer is writing a test class for an Apex trigger and needs to insert test Account records. Best practices recommend bypassing hardcoded IDs. Which annotation should be placed on the test setup method to create common test data efficiently?

Accepted Answer

@TestSetup. The @TestSetup annotation allows developers to create test records once and make them available for all test methods in the class.

Answer

@IsTest(SeeAllData=true)

Answer

@TestVisible

Answer

@RemoteAction

Question 10

An Apex trigger processes a large volume of Opportunity updates. The developer uses Database.update(opps, false) to allow partial success. How should the developer inspect the results to handle any failures?

Accepted Answer

Iterate over the returned List<Database.SaveResult> and check the isSuccess() method.. Database methods returning partial success provide a list of Database.SaveResult objects that contain error details.

Answer

Inspect the Trigger.errors context variable.

Answer

Wrap the Database.update call in a try-catch block and inspect the DMLException methods.

Answer

Query the AsyncApexJob object to check for error logs.

Question 11

Which THREE data types are primitive data types supported in Apex? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Boolean. Apex supports standard primitive types including Boolean, Integer, and String.

Answer

WorkflowRule

Answer

LightningComponent

Question 12

A developer is writing an Apex trigger and needs to optimize performance and prevent governor limit violations. Which TWO practices should the developer follow? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use trigger context variables like Trigger.new to process records in bulk.. Option D is correct because Apex triggers must be bulkified: using trigger context variables such as Trigger.new lets the trigger process all records in a single invocation rather than one at a time, which conserves governor limits (e.g., the 100 SOQL queries and 150 DML statements per transaction). Option E is correct because moving SOQL queries and DML operations outside of loops ensures they execute once for the entire collection of records, avoiding the limit on queries/statements that would be exhausted by per-record execution inside a loop. Option A is wrong because placing DML inside a for loop causes one DML statement per iteration, quickly hitting the 150 DML statement governor limit and degrading performance. Option B is wrong because the webservice keyword merely exposes a method for external web service callouts and does nothing to optimize trigger performance or prevent governor limit violations. Option C is wrong because issuing a separate SOQL query for each record in Trigger.new is the classic anti-pattern that exhausts the 100 synchronous SOQL query limit instead of bulkifying the query.

Answer

Place DML statements inside 'for' loops to ensure immediate database commits.

Answer

Use the 'webservice' keyword on helper methods called by triggers.

Answer

Execute a separate SOQL query for every single record in Trigger.new.

Question 13

Which THREE collections are available in Apex? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Set. Apex provides three built-in collection types: List, Set, and Map.

Answer

Queue

Answer

Table

Question 14

A developer is building a custom Lightning Web Component and wants to communicate data from a child component up to its parent component. Which THREE steps are required? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Dispatch the event using the this.dispatchEvent() method in the child.. To send data from a child LWC up to its parent, the child must first create the event object with the CustomEvent constructor, as in option D, because CustomEvent carries the payload in its detail property and defines the event name the parent will listen for. Option A is correct because the child must actually fire that event by calling this.dispatchEvent(event), which is the only way an LWC event is propagated to the parent's DOM listener. Option E is correct because the parent must register a listener on the child's tag in its HTML template using the on<eventname> directive (for example onmyevent), which binds the handler that receives the event and its detail data. Option B is incorrect because wire service adapters are used for reading Salesforce data, not for child-to-parent event communication, and no wire adapter is needed here. Option C is incorrect because @api exposes a public property for the parent to pass data down into the child, which is the opposite direction of the required child-to-parent flow.

Answer

Import the wire service adapter in the parent component.

Answer

Use the @api decorator on a parent property inside the child component.

Question 15

A developer needs to apply a custom discount to a list of Opportunity records and then persist the changes to Salesforce. The logic must be reusable both from an Apex trigger and from an Apex controller invoked by a Lightning web component. Which approach best satisfies the requirement while following Apex best practices?

Accepted Answer

Create a public Apex class with a static method that accepts a List, applies the discount, and returns the modified list; call it from both the trigger and the controller.. Extracting the discount rule into a public Apex class with a static method that receives and returns a List gives one authoritative implementation. Triggers, Apex controllers, batch jobs, and queueable classes can all call the same method, which reduces duplication and keeps DML-trigger logic thin. This separation also makes the rule straightforward to unit test in isolation.

Answer

Write the discount logic in a Visualforce controller and have the trigger call the controller's action method.

Answer

Place the discount logic directly inside the trigger body so it runs for every DML event.

Answer

Implement the discount as a formula field on Opportunity and let Salesforce recalculate it on every save.