PL-300 Practice Test 38 — 15 Questions

Question 1

You are a data analyst at a healthcare organization. You have a Power BI semantic model with a fact table named Visits that includes a column PatientID and a dimension table named Patients with a column PatientID. The Visits table has 10 million rows, and the Patients table has 500,000 rows. You need to ensure that when users filter the Patients table by patient demographics, the Visits table is filtered accordingly, and that the relationship behaves as expected. What should you do?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Create a one-to-many relationship from Patients[PatientID] to Visits[PatientID] with a single filter direction.. The correct design is a one-to-many relationship from the dimension table to the fact table with a single filter direction. This enforces referential integrity, ensures filters on Patients propagate to Visits, and maintains optimal performance. Reversing the direction or using many-to-many or bidirectional filtering would not meet the requirement and could introduce issues.

Answer

Create a one-to-many relationship from Visits[PatientID] to Patients[PatientID] with a single filter direction.

Answer

Create a one-to-many relationship from Patients[PatientID] to Visits[PatientID] with a bidirectional filter direction.

Answer

Create a many-to-many relationship between Patients[PatientID] and Visits[PatientID] with a single filter direction.

Question 2

You have a Power BI report that uses a calculated column to categorize sales as 'High', 'Medium', or 'Low'. You notice the column is not being refreshed when the underlying data changes. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

Calculated columns are only refreshed when the dataset is refreshed.. Calculated columns are only refreshed when the dataset is refreshed. In Power BI, a calculated column is computed during dataset processing and its values are stored in the model, so it will not reflect underlying data changes until the dataset is refreshed (or the column is recalculated during that refresh). Option A does not fit because a measure is not stored row-by-row and would not appear as a column that simply fails to refresh. Option C does not fit because incorrect DAX syntax would typically produce an error or blank values, not a stale column. Option D does not fit because calculated columns do not dynamically update regardless of the functions used; the refresh behavior is inherent to how calculated columns are processed.

Answer

The column is defined as a measure instead of a calculated column.

Answer

The DAX syntax for the calculated column is incorrect.

Answer

The calculated column uses a function that does not support dynamic updates.

Question 3

You are a Power BI administrator. A user reports they cannot publish a report to a shared workspace because they receive an error 'You need at least a Contributor role to publish to this workspace.' The user is a member of a security group that has been assigned the Viewer role on the workspace. What should you do to allow the user to publish?

Accepted Answer

Add the user as a Contributor directly to the workspace, or change the security group role to Contributor.. The correct option is B: add the user as a Contributor directly to the workspace, or change the security group role to Contributor. In Power BI, publishing a report to a workspace requires at least the Contributor role, which grants content creation and editing permissions; the Viewer role only allows read-only access, so the user's current group-based Viewer role blocks publishing. Granting Contributor either directly or by elevating the group's role resolves the error. Option A is insufficient because Read permission on an existing report does not grant publishing rights. Option C is wrong because Viewer plus 'Publish to web' is for public embedding, not workspace publishing. Option D is unnecessary and does not address the required role in the existing shared workspace.

Answer

Grant the user Read permission on the report in the workspace.

Answer

Change the user's role to Viewer on the workspace and ask them to use the 'Publish to web' option.

Answer

Create a new workspace and add the user as a Member.

Question 4

You have a Power BI report that includes a line chart showing monthly sales. You want to add a trend line to help users identify the overall direction of sales over time. Which feature should you use?

Accepted Answer

Analytics pane in the visual. The Analytics pane in the visual (option D) is the correct feature because Power BI provides built-in trend line support there; selecting the visual, opening the Analytics pane, and adding a Trend line overlays a linear regression line on the line chart to show the overall direction of sales over time. The Forecast option (option A) is also in the Analytics pane but is designed to project future values using exponential smoothing, not to display a historical trend line. Writing a DAX measure for linear regression (option B) is unnecessary and more complex since Power BI already offers a native trend line, and the Format pane (option C) only changes cosmetic line styling such as color, width, or dash type, not the trend calculation.

Answer

Forecast option in the visual

Answer

Add a DAX measure for linear regression

Answer

Format pane to change line style

Question 5

You have a Power BI report with a matrix that shows sales by region and product category. Users complain that the matrix is too cluttered and hard to read. Which best practice should you apply to improve readability?

Accepted Answer

Apply conditional formatting using data bars or color scales.. The correct option is D: apply conditional formatting using data bars or color scales. In a matrix showing sales by region and product category, data bars or color scales add a visual encoding that lets users quickly compare magnitudes across cells, reducing the cognitive effort of reading many raw numbers and making patterns stand out. Options A, B, and C do not fit: removing all subtotals and grand totals (A) strips useful aggregation context rather than reducing clutter, adding more hierarchy levels (B) increases granularity and typically makes the matrix denser and harder to read, and converting to a table with all detail rows (C) expands rather than condenses the data, worsening readability.

Answer

Remove all subtotals and grand totals.

Answer

Add more hierarchy levels to the rows to provide granularity.

Answer

Change the matrix to a table with all detail rows.

Question 6

Your organization uses Power BI and has deployed Microsoft Purview Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies. You want to prevent users from exporting data from Power BI reports that contain credit card numbers. What should you configure?

Accepted Answer

Create a DLP policy in Microsoft Purview that detects credit card numbers in Power BI and set the action to block export.. The correct option is B: create a DLP policy in Microsoft Purview that detects credit card numbers in Power BI and set the action to block export. Microsoft Purview DLP supports Power BI as a workload, so a policy can use the sensitive information type for credit card numbers (e.g., Credit Card Number) and enforce a block-export action when that data appears in Power BI reports. This directly targets the scenario's requirement of preventing export only when credit card numbers are present. Option A does not fit because row-level security restricts which rows users can see, not export of sensitive content. Option C is not the right mechanism because sensitivity labels apply protection/policy to items but do not provide content-based detection of credit card numbers for blocking export in Power BI. Option D is too broad because disabling export settings in the Power BI admin portal blocks export for all content, not specifically reports containing credit card numbers.

Answer

Configure row-level security (RLS) to hide the credit card column from users.

Answer

Apply a Microsoft Purview sensitivity label 'Highly Confidential' to the dataset and configure the label to prevent export.

Answer

Disable the 'Export to Excel' and 'Export to CSV' settings in the Power BI admin portal.

Question 7

You are building a report to analyze sales performance by region. You need to allow users to dynamically switch between viewing data as a bar chart and a line chart without modifying the report page. Which feature should you use?

Accepted Answer

Use bookmarks with buttons to toggle between charts.. The correct option is A: use bookmarks with buttons to toggle between charts. In Power BI, bookmarks capture the current state of a report page—including visual visibility and chart type—so pairing two bookmarks (one showing the bar chart, one showing the line chart) with buttons lets users switch views dynamically without editing the report page. Slicers (B) filter data and cannot change a visual's chart type, and no standard slicer offers chart-type switching. A custom visual (C) is not required and would not provide the native toggle behavior described. Drillthrough pages (D) navigate to a filtered detail page rather than toggling the chart type in place.

Answer

Add a slicer that changes the chart type.

Answer

Use a custom visual with built-in toggle.

Answer

Create a drillthrough page for each chart type.

Question 8

You want to create a Power BI report that allows users to ask questions in natural language and get visual answers. Which feature should you enable?

Accepted Answer

Q&A visual. The Q&A visual is the correct choice because it lets report consumers type natural-language questions into a report and receive automatic visual answers, which is exactly the requested capability. It works by interpreting the question against the semantic model and rendering an appropriate chart without requiring users to build visuals manually. The Key influencers visual instead explains which factors drive a metric, and the Decomposition tree is for interactive root-cause breakdowns across dimensions, so neither accepts free-form natural-language questions. Copilot for Power BI can assist with authoring and summaries, but the dedicated in-report feature for natural-language questions and visual answers is the Q&A visual.

Answer

Key influencers visual

Answer

Copilot for Power BI

Answer

Decomposition tree

Question 9

You need to share a Power BI dashboard with a large group of users in your organization. The users should not be able to edit the dashboard or share it with others. What is the most efficient method?

Accepted Answer

Create a workspace app and grant the group Viewer access.. The correct answer is D: create a workspace app and grant the group Viewer access. A workspace app packages the dashboard (and its reports) for distribution to a broad audience, and the Viewer role gives read-only access without edit or reshare rights, which matches the requirement efficiently for a large group. Option A is wrong because the Member role allows editing and sharing content, violating the restriction. Option B is inefficient for a large group and grants per-user sharing permissions rather than a single managed distribution. Option C is wrong because Publish to web makes the dashboard publicly accessible on the internet with no access control.

Answer

Add all users as Members of the workspace.

Answer

Share the dashboard directly with each user's email address.

Answer

Publish the dashboard to the web.

Question 10

Which TWO actions are required to enable Bring Your Own Key (BYOK) encryption for Power BI datasets? (Select exactly two.)

Accepted Answer

Upload the customer-managed key to Azure Key Vault. BYOK for Power BI requires the customer-managed key to be created and stored in Azure Key Vault, so option C is correct because the RSA 2048-bit (or 3072/4096-bit) key must reside in an Azure Key Vault subscription you control. Option D is also correct because, after the key exists in Key Vault, a Power BI admin must enable BYOK in the Power BI admin portal (Tenant settings) and point the tenant to that Key Vault key, granting the Power BI service the necessary wrap/unwrap permissions. Option A is not required because BYOK is a tenant-level feature available with Power BI Premium (or Fabric capacity) but assigning a specific workspace to a capacity is not the action that enables BYOK. Option B is incorrect because the key itself is never stored in Power BI admin settings; only a reference to the Key Vault key is configured there. Option E is incorrect because Microsoft Purview is not used to register the encryption key for Power BI BYOK.

Answer

Assign the workspace to a Power BI Premium capacity

Answer

Store the encryption key in the Power BI service admin settings

Answer

Register the encryption key in Microsoft Purview compliance portal

Question 11

You are importing data from an Excel workbook that contains a column 'Region' with values such as 'North', 'South', 'East', 'West', and some blank cells. You need to replace the blank cells with 'Unknown' to ensure consistent reporting. What is the most efficient way to achieve this in Power Query?

Accepted Answer

Use the 'Replace Values' feature to replace null with 'Unknown'.. Using 'Replace Values' to replace null with 'Unknown' directly modifies the column in place, ensuring all blanks become 'Unknown' without adding extra columns or removing rows. This is the most efficient and straightforward method for this data cleansing task.

Answer

Filter out the rows where 'Region' is blank.

Answer

Add a conditional column that checks if 'Region' is null and returns 'Unknown'.

Answer

Use the 'Fill Down' feature to fill blanks with the value from the row above.

Question 12

You are working with a Power BI dataset that imports data from a web API. The API returns a JSON response containing a nested array of order details for each order. You need to flatten this nested array so that each order detail becomes a separate row in the table. Which Power Query transformation should you use?

Accepted Answer

Expand the column containing the array.. Expanding the column that contains the nested array is the correct way to flatten JSON data in Power Query. This creates one row per array element, duplicating the parent order fields as needed. Other transformations do not handle nested structures and would fail to produce the required row-level detail.

Answer

Transpose the table.

Answer

Use the Unpivot Columns transformation.

Answer

Use the Split Column transformation with a comma delimiter.

Question 13

You are preparing an Excel workbook for import into Power BI. The workbook contains one worksheet named 'SalesData' with a well-formed table named 'tblSales' that includes headers in the first row. You want the most reliable way to import only this table so that column names and types are detected correctly. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

Use Get Data > Excel workbook, select the workbook, and choose the 'tblSales' table in the Navigator.. Choosing the named table in Navigator gives Power Query a precise, stable reference to the structured range. Headers and data types come through cleanly, and the query adapts as the table grows. Importing the whole worksheet or using connectors meant for other file types introduces detection problems and unnecessary complexity.

Answer

Use Get Data > Folder, point to the directory containing the workbook, and combine the files.

Answer

Use Get Data > Text/CSV and point to the .xlsx file, then set the delimiter to Tab.

Answer

Use Get Data > Excel workbook, select the workbook, and choose the 'SalesData' worksheet in the Navigator.

Question 14

You are a Power BI data analyst for a healthcare organization. You have a report page with a card visual that displays total patient count. The CEO wants to see the patient count broken down by age group (0-18, 19-35, 36-50, 51-65, 65+) and by gender, with the ability to expand or collapse each age group to see gender details. You need to add a visual that supports this hierarchical drill-down. Which visual should you use?

Accepted Answer

Matrix. A matrix visual is designed for hierarchical data exploration. By placing Age Group and Gender in the Rows section, users can expand or collapse each age group to view gender details. This provides the required drill-down capability. Other visuals either lack hierarchy support or do not allow interactive expansion.

Answer

Treemap

Answer

Clustered bar chart

Answer

Table

Question 15

You are using Power Query to clean and transform data from a SQL Server database. You have a table 'Orders' with columns 'OrderID', 'CustomerID', 'OrderDate', and 'TotalAmount'. You need to ensure that the data is properly typed and that any errors are handled. Which two actions should you perform? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use the 'Replace Errors' feature to replace errors in 'TotalAmount' with 0.. Setting correct data types for OrderDate and TotalAmount ensures accurate analysis, and replacing errors in TotalAmount with 0 handles data quality issues without losing rows. These two actions together prepare the data for reliable reporting. The other options either discard data unnecessarily or change types without benefit.

Answer

Remove any rows with errors in the 'TotalAmount' column.

Answer

Filter out any rows where 'CustomerID' is null.

Answer

Change the data type of 'OrderID' to Text.