305-300 Full Virtualization Practice Test 5 — 15 Questions

Question 1

What is the default location for libvirt domain configuration XML files?

Accepted Answer

/etc/libvirt/qemu/. The default location for libvirt domain configuration XML files is /etc/libvirt/qemu/. This directory holds the persistent XML definitions for QEMU/KVM domains, which are used by libvirt to manage and start virtual machines. When a domain is defined with virsh define, its XML is stored here.

Answer

/var/lib/libvirt/domains/

Answer

/etc/libvirt/networks/

Answer

/usr/share/libvirt/

Question 2

What is the purpose of the 'virsh' tool?

Accepted Answer

To manage virtual domains. The 'virsh' tool is a command-line interface for managing libvirt-based virtual machines (domains). It allows administrators to create, start, stop, migrate, and configure virtual domains, as well as manage networks, storage pools, and other resources. It is not used for monitoring CPU temperature, compiling QEMU, or writing disk images to USB.

Answer

To monitor host CPU temperature

Answer

To compile QEMU

Answer

To write disk images to USB

Question 3

You need to add a second NIC to a VM via XML. How do you ensure the second NIC uses a different MAC address than the first one?

Accepted Answer

Add a second block with a unique . Each network interface in a libvirt domain is defined by an element containing a child. To add a second NIC, you add another block with a unique MAC address. Libvirt can auto-generate a MAC if omitted, but explicitly specifying a unique one ensures no conflict with the first NIC.

Answer

You cannot have two NICs in one VM

Answer

Libvirt assigns the same MAC automatically

Answer

Use the same but different

Question 4

Which command is used to list all active running domains?

Accepted Answer

virsh list. The virsh list command lists all currently running domains (VMs) by default, showing their ID, name, and state. This is the standard libvirt CLI command for enumerating active guests. Adding --all extends the output to include inactive and shut-off domains, but the base command answers the question as asked.

Answer

virsh domlist

Answer

virsh status

Answer

virsh list --all

Question 5

Which hypervisor is known for being 'Type 2'?

Accepted Answer

VirtualBox. VirtualBox is classified as a Type 2 hypervisor because it runs as an application on top of a host operating system (Windows, Linux, macOS), relying on the host OS for scheduling, memory management, and I/O. It does not run directly on bare metal like Type 1 hypervisors. This hosted architecture is the defining characteristic of Type 2.

Answer

KVM

Answer

ESXi

Answer

Xen

Question 6

What is the purpose of the virtio-balloon driver in a guest?

Accepted Answer

To enable memory ballooning. The virtio-balloon driver enables memory ballooning, a technique that allows the hypervisor to dynamically adjust the amount of memory allocated to a guest. The driver inflates or deflates a 'balloon' inside the guest, reclaiming or returning memory pages to the host. This helps optimize memory usage across VMs. It does not speed up network transfers, provide disk caching, or enable 3D graphics.

Answer

To speed up network transfers

Answer

To provide disk caching

Answer

To enable 3D graphics

Question 7

What is a 'snapshot' in virtualization?

Accepted Answer

A saved state of a virtual machine at a point in time. A snapshot in virtualization is a saved state of a virtual machine at a specific point in time, capturing disk contents (and optionally memory/CPU state) so the VM can be reverted to that state. It is not a hardware config, log, or full host backup. Snapshots enable rollback after changes or failures.

Answer

A virtual hardware configuration

Answer

A log file of guest activity

Answer

A backup of the entire host system

Question 8

Which utility is best for creating a new libvirt storage pool?

Accepted Answer

virsh pool-define-as. virsh pool-define-as creates a persistent storage pool definition in libvirt's configuration without starting it, which is the correct first step for creating a new pool. After defining, you run virsh pool-build (if needed) and virsh pool-start to activate it.

Answer

virsh pool-create

Answer

virt-pool-builder

Answer

virsh add-pool

Question 9

What does 'QEMU' stand for?

Accepted Answer

Quick Emulator. QEMU is an open-source emulator and virtualizer that performs hardware virtualization. The name 'QEMU' is an acronym for 'Quick Emulator', reflecting its original design goal of fast emulation of a complete computer system. It is widely used in conjunction with KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) to provide full virtualization on Linux, and it can also run standalone as a pure emulator for cross-platform development and testing.

Answer

Quantum Emulator

Answer

Quick Execution Machine Utility

Answer

Quality Emulator

Question 10

Which TWO of the following commands can be used to manage virtual networks in libvirt?

Accepted Answer

virsh net-define. Option A, virsh net-define, is correct because it defines a persistent virtual network in libvirt from an XML configuration file, creating the network object that can later be started and made autostart. Option E, virsh net-list, is correct because it lists the virtual networks known to libvirt and can show their state (active/inactive) and autostart flag, making it a core management command. Option B, virsh net-config, does not exist as a libvirt subcommand; network XML is edited via virsh net-edit or net-define. Option C, virsh net-start-all, is not a valid virsh command; individual networks are started with virsh net-start, and autostart is set with virsh net-autostart. Option D, virsh net-status, is not a real libvirt subcommand; network state is obtained through virsh net-list or virsh net-info.

Answer

virsh net-config

Answer

virsh net-start-all

Answer

virsh net-status

Question 11

Which THREE of the following steps are involved in performing a manual disk migration of a VM?

Accepted Answer

Editing the domain XML on the target host. Manual disk migration of a VM requires copying the VM's disk image to the target host (D), since the storage must be present there before the domain can run; this is typically done with tools like rsync, scp, or cp. The target host's domain XML must then be edited (A) to point to the new disk path and any host-specific settings, because the original XML references the source host's storage location. Finally, the domain is registered on the target host with virsh define (C), which loads the edited XML into libvirt so the VM can be started. Options B and E are not part of the process: reformatting the disk image would destroy the guest's data and filesystem, and updating the host kernel is unrelated to migrating a VM's disk and domain definition.

Answer

Reformatting the disk image

Answer

Updating the host kernel

Question 12

Which TWO of the following are valid storage pool types in libvirt?

Accepted Answer

logical. Option C (logical) is correct because libvirt defines a 'logical' storage pool type that manages LVM volume groups, allowing volumes to be created as logical volumes within an existing VG. Option E (iscsi) is correct because libvirt supports an 'iscsi' storage pool type that connects to an iSCSI target and exposes its LUNs as volumes via the iscsi-direct or iscsi pool driver. The other options are not valid libvirt pool types: 'nfs-server' is not a pool type (NFS is handled by the 'netfs' pool type), 'virtual-disk' is not a recognized libvirt pool type, and 'remote-disk' is not a libvirt pool type either. Valid libvirt pool types include dir, fs, netfs, logical, disk, iscsi, scsi, mpath, rbd, sheepdog, gluster, zfs, and vstorage, which confirms that only logical and iscsi fit the scenario.

Answer

nfs-server

Answer

virtual-disk

Answer

remote-disk

Question 13

Which THREE of the following are valid components of a libvirt domain XML configuration?

Accepted Answer

. The element (A) is a valid top-level component of a libvirt domain XML; it defines the guest OS boot configuration such as the boot device order and the type of firmware (for example hvm or arch). The element (C) is also valid and specifies the CPU model and features exposed to the guest, such as host-passthrough or a named model like qemu64. The element (D) is a required top-level container in a libvirt domain XML that holds all guest device definitions, including disks, network interfaces, graphics, and controllers. The unmarked options do not belong: (B) is not a recognized libvirt domain XML element, and (E) is not a valid libvirt domain XML element either (network configuration is expressed through entries inside and separate libvirt network XML files).

Answer

<kernel-module>

Answer

<network-config>

Question 14

Which TWO of the following are common ways to connect to a virtual machine's console?

Accepted Answer

VNC. VNC (Option B) is correct because it is a widely used remote framebuffer protocol that provides graphical console access to a virtual machine, commonly exposed by hypervisors such as KVM/QEMU, Xen, and VMware for out-of-band console connections. Spice (Option E) is also correct because it is a remote-display protocol designed specifically for virtualized environments (notably KVM/QEMU via libvirt) that delivers the VM's graphical console, including keyboard, video, and mouse. Telnet (Option A) is a text-based terminal protocol for remote shell access, not a VM graphical console mechanism, and it is insecure besides. HTTP (Option C) is an application-layer protocol for serving web content, not a console-connection method. FTP (Option D) is a file-transfer protocol and has nothing to do with interactive console access.

Answer

Telnet

Answer

HTTP

Answer

FTP

Question 15

Which TWO of the following commands can be used to monitor VM resource utilization?

Accepted Answer

virsh domstats. Option A, `virsh domstats`, is correct because it queries the libvirt hypervisor for detailed per-domain statistics such as CPU time, memory balloon usage, block I/O, and network interface counters, making it a valid VM resource-utilization monitoring command. Option E, `virt-top`, is correct because it is a top-like utility that displays real-time CPU, memory, and I/O utilization for individual guests running under libvirt/KVM. The remaining options do not belong: `virsh show-stats`, `virsh monitor-cpu`, and `virsh check-load` are not valid virsh subcommands, so they cannot be used to monitor VM resource utilization.

Answer

virsh show-stats

Answer

virsh monitor-cpu

Answer

virsh check-load