XK0-006 Automation, Orchestration, and Scripting Practice Test 7 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A Kubernetes administrator needs to expose a deployment named 'webapp' as a service accessible externally on port 80. Which kubectl command should be used?

Accepted Answer

kubectl expose deployment webapp --type=NodePort --port=80. The kubectl expose deployment command creates a Service from an existing Deployment. Specifying --type=NodePort makes the service externally reachable on each node's IP at a high port, and --port=80 sets the service port to 80. This is the standard imperative way to expose a deployment externally without writing a YAML manifest.

Answer

kubectl port-forward deployment/webapp 80:80

Answer

kubectl run webapp --port=80

Answer

kubectl create service clusterip webapp --port=80

Question 2

In a Bash script, what is the difference between single quotes and double quotes?

Accepted Answer

Single quotes prevent variable expansion; double quotes allow it.. Single quotes preserve the literal value of each character, while double quotes allow variable expansion and command substitution.

Answer

Both behave the same.

Answer

Single quotes allow variable expansion; double quotes do not.

Answer

Double quotes prevent all substitutions; single quotes allow command substitution.

Question 3

A Linux administrator is writing a Bash script that uses a function. Which two statements about Bash functions are correct? (Choose TWO.)

Accepted Answer

Functions are called by their name without parentheses.. Bash functions must be defined before use and are called by name without parentheses.

Answer

Function definitions must be placed at the beginning of the script.

Answer

Functions cannot accept arguments.

Answer

Functions can be called before they are defined.

Question 4

A system administrator is writing an Ansible playbook to manage a web server. Which three of the following are valid Ansible modules for system administration? (Choose THREE.)

Accepted Answer

service. apt, service, and copy are standard Ansible modules for package management, service control, and file copying.

Answer

useradd

Answer

chmod

Question 5

A DevOps engineer is writing a Bash script that checks if a file exists and is readable. Which test condition should be used inside an if statement?

Accepted Answer

[[ -r file ]]. The -e test checks if a file exists, and -r checks if it is readable. Using -f also checks for a regular file, but the question requires existence and readability, so combining -e and -r is correct. However, the options include -f and -r, but -f alone does not check readability. The correct combination is -e and -r, but since that is not an option, the best answer is -r because it implies existence? Actually, -r returns true only if the file exists and is readable. So -r alone satisfies both conditions.

Answer

[[ -e file ]]

Answer

[[ -f file ]]

Answer

[[ -s file ]]

Question 6

An administrator needs to deploy a set of microservices using Docker Compose. The services require configuration values that vary between development and production environments. Which approach allows the administrator to override values without modifying the docker-compose.yml file?

Accepted Answer

Use multiple compose files with the -f flag: docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.prod.yml up.. Docker Compose supports merging multiple compose files via the -f flag, where later files override or extend values from earlier ones. Running docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.prod.yml up applies the base configuration and then overlays production-specific values without editing the original file.

Answer

Define multiple services in one docker-compose.yml and use profiles.

Answer

Use environment variables in the Dockerfile and pass them via docker run -e.

Answer

Use the extends keyword in docker-compose.yml.

Question 7

A Bash script contains the following line: set -e. What is the effect of this command?

Accepted Answer

It causes the script to exit if any command fails.. set -e causes the script to exit immediately if any command exits with a non-zero status. This is useful for catching errors early.

Answer

It enables debugging by printing commands and their arguments as they are executed.

Answer

It prevents the script from overwriting existing files.

Answer

It treats unset variables as an error and exits.

Question 8

Which Dockerfile instruction sets the command to run when the container starts, but allows the user to override it when using docker run?

Accepted Answer

CMD. CMD provides defaults for an executing container. If CMD is used, it can be overridden by command-line arguments to docker run. ENTRYPOINT, on the other hand, is not easily overridden without --entrypoint.

Answer

RUN

Answer

STARTUP

Answer

ENTRYPOINT

Question 9

A container is running a web server on port 8080 internally, and the administrator wants to access it on the host on port 80. Which Docker run option accomplishes this?

Accepted Answer

-p 80:8080. The Docker -p flag maps a host port to a container port using the syntax -p HOST_PORT:CONTAINER_PORT. Since the container listens on 8080 internally and the administrator wants it reachable on host port 80, the correct mapping is -p 80:8080. This publishes the container's port 8080 to the host's port 80.

Answer

-P

Answer

-p 8080:80

Answer

--expose 8080

Question 10

A Bash script uses getopts to parse command-line options. The script is invoked as: ./script -a -b value. Which getopts string should be used to correctly parse -a (no argument) and -b (requires an argument)?

Accepted Answer

"ab:". In getopts, a colon after a letter indicates that the option requires an argument. The string 'ab:' means -a takes no argument and -b requires an argument. This matches the invocation './script -a -b value'.

Answer

":ab"

Answer

"ab"

Answer

"a:b"

Question 11

Which Kubernetes resource is used to store non-sensitive configuration data as key-value pairs that can be consumed by pods?

Accepted Answer

ConfigMap. ConfigMaps are used for non-sensitive configuration data. Secrets are for sensitive data like passwords. Deployments manage replicas of pods. Namespaces isolate resources.

Answer

Deployment

Answer

Secret

Answer

Namespace

Question 12

An administrator wants to use Ansible to ensure a service is running on a remote host. Which Ansible module should be used in a playbook?

Accepted Answer

service. The Ansible 'service' module is designed to manage services on remote hosts — starting, stopping, restarting, and enabling them. To ensure a service is running, you use 'service' with state: started (and optionally enabled: yes). It abstracts underlying init systems (systemd, SysV, upstart) so the playbook works across distributions.

Answer

command

Answer

copy

Answer

shell

Question 13

In a Bash script, the administrator wants to capture the output of a command into a variable. Which syntax should be used?

Accepted Answer

$(command). Command substitution can be done with $(command) or backticks `command`. The latter is deprecated. $(( )) is for arithmetic expansion. $VAR is for variable expansion.

Answer

$VAR

Answer

$((command))

Answer

`command`

Question 14

A Docker container needs to persistently store data that should survive container removal and be accessible by other containers. Which storage method should be used?

Accepted Answer

Volume. Docker volumes are managed by Docker itself and stored in a dedicated area of the host filesystem (typically /var/lib/docker/volumes on Linux), which is outside the container's writable layer. Because they are independent of the container lifecycle, data in a volume persists even after the container is removed, and the same volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously, enabling data sharing. This makes volumes the recommended mechanism for persistent, shareable container data.

Answer

Bind mount

Answer

Container layer

Answer

tmpfs mount

Question 15

In a Bash script, which THREE of the following are valid ways to define a function? (Select THREE.)

Accepted Answer

Answer

myfunc = () { commands; }

Answer

def myfunc { commands; }