XK0-006 Automation, Orchestration, and Scripting Practice Test 7 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A Linux administrator writes a bash script that needs to exit immediately if any command fails. Which of the following should be included at the beginning of the script?

Accepted Answer

set -e. The 'set -e' command causes the shell to exit if any command exits with a non-zero status, which is useful for error handling.

Answer

set -x

Answer

set -u

Answer

set -o pipefail

Question 2

A developer creates a Dockerfile for a web application. Which instruction should be used to define the command that runs when the container starts, allowing the container to accept arguments from the docker run command?

Accepted Answer

CMD. CMD provides defaults for an executing container, but can be overridden by command-line arguments. ENTRYPOINT is used for main command and CMD for default arguments.

Answer

START

Answer

ENTRYPOINT

Answer

RUN

Question 3

An administrator wants to run a script on multiple remote servers using Ansible. The script requires a variable that differs per host. Where should the administrator define this variable to follow best practices?

Accepted Answer

In host_vars/<hostname>.yml. Host-specific variables should be defined in host_vars files, which are automatically loaded by Ansible when the host is targeted.

Answer

In the playbook under vars:

Answer

In the inventory file as a variable

Answer

In group_vars/all.yml

Question 4

A DevOps engineer needs to debug a bash script that unexpectedly fails when processing files. Which of the following should be added to the script to print each command before execution?

Accepted Answer

set -x. set -x enables a trace of each command, printing them to stderr before execution.

Answer

set -v

Answer

set -e

Answer

set -u

Question 5

A containerized application uses a bind mount to persist logs. When the container is removed and recreated, the logs are missing. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The bind mount was not specified in the new container run command. Bind mounts depend on the host path; if the bind mount was not re-specified, the new container does not have access to the previous host directory unless explicitly mounted.

Answer

The container was run with --rm, which deletes the bind mount

Answer

The host directory was deleted when the container was removed

Answer

The log files were written to the container's writable layer instead of the mount

Question 6

In a bash script, an administrator wants to check if a file exists and is readable. Which of the following test expressions accomplishes this?

Accepted Answer

[ -f file -a -r file ]. The test expression `[ -f file -a -r file ]` uses the `-f` flag to check that the file exists and is a regular file, and the `-a` logical AND operator combined with the `-r` flag verifies that the file is readable by the current user. This matches the administrator's requirement exactly.

Answer

[ -e file -a -w file ]

Answer

test -d file -o -r file

Answer

[[ -f file && -x file ]]

Question 7

A Kubernetes YAML manifest defines a Deployment. Which field specifies the number of pod replicas to run?

Accepted Answer

spec.replicas. In a Deployment spec, the 'replicas' field sets the desired number of pod instances.

Answer

metadata.replicas

Answer

spec.template.replicas

Answer

spec.containers.replicas

Question 8

A systems administrator is writing a bash script that must accept command-line options: -f for a configuration file, -v for verbose mode, and -d for a directory. Which TWO of the following are correct ways to parse these options using getopts? (Select TWO).

Accepted Answer

while getopts ':f:vd:' opt; do. getopts option string 'f:vd:' means -f requires an argument, -v is boolean, -d requires an argument. The colon after f and d indicates argument required.

Answer

while getopts 'f v d' opt; do

Answer

while getopts 'f:vd' opt; do

Answer

while getopts 'fv:d:' opt; do

Question 9

A DevOps team uses Podman to run containers rootlessly. Which TWO of the following characteristics apply to rootless Podman compared to Docker? (Select TWO).

Accepted Answer

It uses the same CLI syntax as Docker. Podman does not require a daemon (no central daemon), and it can run containers without root privileges by default using user namespaces.

Answer

It can only run containers as root

Answer

It requires a running daemon at all times

Answer

It relies on a central registry for all images

Question 10

An administrator is debugging a Docker container that exits immediately after starting. Which THREE commands can help diagnose the issue? (Select THREE).

Accepted Answer

docker run --rm -it <image> sh. docker logs shows the container's output; docker exec -it can run commands inside a running container (but if it exits, you may need to start it interactively); docker inspect shows low-level config and state; docker ps shows running containers, not helpful for exited ones.

Answer

docker exec -it <container> sh

Answer

docker ps

Question 11

In an Ansible playbook, which THREE of the following are valid modules for managing files and packages? (Select THREE).

Accepted Answer

copy. (copy) is correct because the copy module is a dedicated Ansible module for copying files from the local control node to remote hosts, supporting attributes like owner, permissions, and content. It is the standard idempotent way to manage file distribution in playbooks.

Answer

get_url

Answer

command

Question 12

A bash script uses a loop to iterate over files in a directory. Which TWO of the following loop constructs will correctly iterate over each .txt file in the current directory? (Select TWO).

Accepted Answer

for file in *.txt; do. for file in *.txt expands to all matching filenames; the C-style for loop can also be used with array of filenames, but direct expansion is simpler.

Answer

for file in '*.txt'; do

Answer

for file in $(ls *.txt); do

Answer

for ((i=0; i<${#files[@]}; i++)); do

Question 13

A Linux administrator wants to create a Docker image from a Dockerfile. Which TWO of the following commands are needed? (Select TWO).

Accepted Answer

docker tag. To create a Docker image from a Dockerfile, two commands are typically used: `docker build` to build the image from the Dockerfile, and `docker tag` to assign a meaningful name and tag to the newly created image. While `docker build` alone creates the image, tagging is necessary for easy identification and management, especially when preparing to push to a registry. Therefore, both commands are needed to fully create a usable Docker image.

Answer

docker run

Answer

docker push

Answer

docker commit

Question 14

In a bash script, a function is defined to calculate a value. Which TWO of the following are valid ways to return a value from the function to the caller? (Select TWO).

Accepted Answer

echo 42. The return statement sets the exit status (0-255). echo outputs to stdout which can be captured via command substitution. Functions cannot return arbitrary integers directly via return if >255.

Answer

exit 42

Answer

return 'value'

Answer

print 42

Question 15

A Kubernetes administrator needs to expose a deployment externally using a Service. Which THREE of the following Service types can be used? (Select THREE).

Accepted Answer

ClusterIP. ClusterIP, LoadBalancer, and NodePort are the three Kubernetes Service types that can be used to expose a deployment externally. ClusterIP alone is internal, but when combined with an Ingress controller, it provides external access by routing traffic from outside the cluster to the Service. LoadBalancer provisions an external load balancer with a public IP. NodePort opens a static port on every node's IP, allowing external traffic. ExternalName (option C) does not expose the deployment; it only maps a Service to an external DNS name, so it is not a valid choice for exposing a deployment externally.

Answer

ExternalName

Answer

Ingress