JNCIS-ENT High Availability — Timed 10 Questions

Question 1

You are troubleshooting a Virtual Chassis formed by four EX4300 switches. The primary Routing Engine (RE) unexpectedly rebooted. Upon recovery, you notice that a different member switch has taken over the role of primary. How can you prevent this specific member from becoming the primary RE in the future?

10 minute time limit — choose an answer to begin.

Accepted Answer

Modify the routing-engine mastership-priority value on the preferred member switch to be higher than the others.. In a Juniper Virtual Chassis, the primary Routing Engine (RE) is elected based on the mastership priority value configured on each member. The switch with the highest priority becomes primary; if there is a tie, the one with the lowest MAC address wins. To prevent a specific member from becoming primary, you must ensure that the preferred member has a higher mastership priority than all others. Option B directly addresses this by modifying the routing-engine mastership-priority value on the preferred member to be higher, thus ensuring it becomes primary upon election. This is the standard method to control primary RE selection in a Virtual Chassis.

Answer

Disable Graceful Routing Engine Switchover (GRES) on the backup routing engine.

Answer

Enable preemption globally on all members in the virtual-chassis configuration.

Answer

Configure the non-preferred switch with a routing-engine user account restriction.

Question 2

An administrator wants to verify that GRES is operating correctly on an MX series router with dual Routing Engines. Which operational command should be used?

Accepted Answer

show chassis routing-engine. The correct command is `show chassis routing-engine`, which displays the status of both Routing Engines, including mastership, uptime, and GRES (Graceful Routing Engine Switchover) state. On MX series routers with dual REs, this command shows whether GRES is enabled and operational, along with other HA parameters. It is the standard operational command to verify GRES functionality.

Answer

show system backup-router

Answer

show virtual-chassis gres

Answer

show gres statistics

Question 3

You notice frequent mastership transitions in a VRRP group configured between two EX4300 switches. The logs indicate that VRRP advertisements are intermittently missing. Which troubleshooting step addresses the underlying cause without changing the master priority?

Accepted Answer

Check physical interface error counters and increase the VRRP advertisement interval if packet drops occur.. Intermittent missing VRRP advertisements usually stem from physical-layer packet loss (CRC errors, drops, congestion) rather than VRRP configuration itself. Checking interface error counters identifies the underlying link problem, and increasing the VRRP advertisement interval makes the protocol more tolerant of transient drops without altering mastership priority. This addresses the root cause while preserving the existing priority design.

Answer

Disable Virtual Chassis on both switches to allow VRRP to function properly.

Answer

Remove LACP from all aggregated interfaces connected to the VRRP routers.

Answer

Configure Nonstop Active Routing (NSR) under the VRRP hierarchy.

Question 4

During an audit of a Juniper EX4300 Virtual Chassis, you notice that member 1 and member 2 are connected via mixed 1G and 10G uplink ports. How does Junos handle mixed-speed Virtual Chassis port configurations?

Accepted Answer

Virtual Chassis ports (VCPs) must be explicitly configured to match supported transceiver speeds, and mixing unsupported interface types will result in port initialization failure.. Junos EX series virtual chassis ports can be configured for specific speeds, but mismatched or unsupported port combinations will cause initialization failures or link errors depending on the platform.

Answer

Mixed speed links automatically drop to 1G to maintain backward compatibility without administrative intervention.

Answer

Junos automatically load-balances stacking traffic across 1G and 10G links using weighted round-robin.

Answer

Only the 10G ports will carry control plane traffic while 1G ports are restricted to data transit.

Question 5

Which command displays the status of Virtual Chassis member switches, their roles, and their serial numbers on an EX series switch?

Accepted Answer

show virtual-chassis. The 'show virtual-chassis' command is the primary operational command to view member status, roles (Master/Backup/Linecard), and IDs.

Answer

show lacp statistics

Answer

show vrrp summary

Question 6

Which CLI command displays detailed information about VRRP groups, including master router status, virtual IP addresses, and advertisement intervals on an EX series switch?

Accepted Answer

show vrrp detail. The 'show vrrp interface' or 'show vrrp detail' commands provide granular details regarding VRRP instance status.

Answer

show lacp vrrp-status

Answer

show spanning-tree vrrp

Answer

show chassis vrrp

Question 7

You are troubleshooting a BGP session failure immediately following a manual Routing Engine switchover on an MX series router configured with GRES and NSR. BGP drops its peering session. What is the most likely reason for the failure?

Accepted Answer

NSR was not enabled under the BGP routing-options protocol hierarchy, causing the protocol daemon state to not synchronize to the backup Routing Engine.. NSR (Nonstop Active Routing) must be explicitly enabled under the [edit routing-options nonstop-routing] hierarchy for BGP to synchronize its state (peering sessions, routing tables, etc.) to the backup Routing Engine. Without NSR, a Routing Engine switchover causes the BGP process to restart on the new master, tearing down and re-establishing all BGP sessions. GRES alone only preserves the forwarding plane and kernel state, not the protocol daemon state. Therefore, the most likely reason for the BGP session drop is that NSR was not enabled.

Answer

The Virtual Chassis stacking cable was disconnected during the switchover.

Answer

VRRP preemption caused the default gateway IP to shift to the backup engine.

Answer

The LACP timeout on the aggregated uplink was set to slow mode.

Question 8

Which CLI command verifies that OSPF Graceful Restart helper mode is enabled by default on a Juniper routing platform?

Accepted Answer

show ospf overview. Running 'show ospf neighbor detail' or 'show ospf overview' displays protocol-level graceful restart helper status.

Answer

show chassis ospf-status

Answer

show lacp ospf-helper

Answer

show vrrp ospf-restart

Question 9

An engineer configures VRRP between two routers. Client traffic destined for the outside network is being dropped intermittently. Investigation reveals that the VRRP master is responding to ARP requests with its physical MAC address instead of the virtual router MAC address. What is the cause of this behavior?

Accepted Answer

The virtual-mac-address option was explicitly disabled, or an incorrect configuration caused the master to use its physical interface MAC address for virtual IP ARP responses.. VRRP masters normally reply to ARP for the virtual IP using the virtual MAC (00:00:5e:00:01:xx). If the master answers with its physical interface MAC instead, the virtual MAC behavior has been disabled or misconfigured — for example, the 'virtual-mac-address' option was turned off, or the VRRP group is not properly bound to the interface. This causes clients to cache the physical MAC, so when mastership changes, traffic is black-holed until ARP entries expire.

Answer

LACP fast mode was enabled on the VLAN interface.

Answer

GRES was disabled on the backup routing engine.

Answer

NSR was enabled without configuring BGP Graceful Restart.

Question 10

An engineer wants to configure a Link Aggregation Group (LAG) to load-balance traffic based on Layer 3 and Layer 4 header fields (source/destination IP and source/destination port) rather than just Layer 2 MAC addresses. How is this achieved in Junos?

Accepted Answer

Configure load-balance profiles under [edit forwarding-options hash-key] specifying inet protocols.. Junos allows configuring load-balancing profiles under the forwarding-options hierarchical level to include IP and port hash fields.

Answer

Enable LACP multi-chassis hashing under the chassis hierarchy.

Answer

Configure 'set interfaces ae0 load-balance layer-3-4' directly under the interface stanza.

Answer

Set the LACP periodic transmission interval to fast.