Google ACE Ensuring Successful Operation of a Cloud Solution Practice Test 2 — 15 Questions

Question 1

You need to create a log-based metric that counts the number of errors in your application logs. What must you do first in Cloud Logging?

Accepted Answer

Define a filter that matches the error logs. In Cloud Logging, a log-based metric is based on a filter. You define the filter using the logging query language to match the logs you want to count, then create the metric from that filter.

Answer

Create an alerting policy with a condition

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Create a log sink that exports logs to BigQuery

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Install the Logging agent on your VMs

Question 2

You have a Compute Engine VM that is running a critical application. You need to change its machine type from n1-standard-4 to n2-standard-8. What is the correct procedure?

Accepted Answer

Stop the instance, then use gcloud compute instances set-machine-type, then start the instance. To change the machine type of a VM, you must stop the instance first, then use the gcloud compute instances set-machine-type command, and finally start the instance again.

Answer

Use gcloud compute instances update --machine-type n2-standard-8 while the instance is running

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Delete the instance and create a new one with the desired machine type

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Use gcloud compute instances resize --machine-type n2-standard-8 without stopping

Question 3

Your GKE cluster has a node pool that you want to enable autoscaling on. The initial node count is 3, and you want the cluster to scale between 1 and 10 nodes. Which command should you use?

Accepted Answer

gcloud container node-pools update my-pool --cluster=my-cluster --enable-autoscaling --min-nodes 1 --max-nodes 10 --region us-central1. The correct command is gcloud container node-pools update with --enable-autoscaling and the min and max node flags. The cluster name and region/zone are required.

Answer

gcloud container clusters update my-cluster --enable-autoscaling --min-nodes 1 --max-nodes 10 --region us-central1

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gcloud container clusters update my-cluster --enable-autoscaling --min-size 1 --max-size 10 --region us-central1

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gcloud container node-pools update my-pool --cluster=my-cluster --autoscaling --min 1 --max 10 --region us-central1

Question 4

You want to monitor the uptime of an external HTTP endpoint every minute and receive an email notification if the endpoint is unavailable for more than two consecutive checks. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

Create an uptime check in Cloud Monitoring, then create an alerting policy with condition 'metric threshold' for 'check_failed' and set notification channel to email. Uptime checks in Cloud Monitoring can be configured to check HTTP endpoints. You can set alerting conditions based on the duration of the outage and choose email as a notification channel.

Answer

Create a log-based alert in Cloud Logging that triggers on network errors

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Use Cloud Functions to periodically call the endpoint and send an email on failure

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Configure a TCP health check on the load balancer

Question 5

You are deploying a new revision of a Cloud Run service. You want to gradually shift traffic from the old revision to the new one, starting with 10% traffic to the new revision. Which command should you use?

Accepted Answer

gcloud run services update-traffic my-service --to-revision new-revision --percent 10. Cloud Run allows traffic splitting between revisions. The gcloud run services update-traffic command can specify the percentage of traffic for each revision.

Answer

gcloud run revisions traffic my-service --to-revision new-revision --percent 10

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gcloud run services update my-service --image gcr.io/my-project/my-image:new

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gcloud run deploy my-service --image gcr.io/my-project/my-image:new --traffic new-revision=10

Question 6

You need to export all Cloud Logging logs from a specific project to BigQuery for long-term analysis. What should you create?

Accepted Answer

A log sink with BigQuery as the destination. Log sinks in Cloud Logging allow you to route logs to destinations like BigQuery, Cloud Storage, or Pub/Sub. You create a sink with BigQuery as the destination.

Answer

A log-based metric with BigQuery as destination

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A Pub/Sub subscription that pushes logs to BigQuery

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An export job from Logging to BigQuery using gcloud logging export

Question 7

You notice that a deployment in your GKE cluster is running an outdated image. You need to update the deployment to use the new image 'gcr.io/my-project/my-app:v2'. Which kubectl command should you use?

Accepted Answer

kubectl set image deployment/my-deployment my-app=gcr.io/my-project/my-app:v2. To update the image of a deployment, use 'kubectl set image' specifying the deployment name and the container name:tag.

Answer

kubectl rollout restart deployment my-deployment --image gcr.io/my-project/my-app:v2

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kubectl update deployment my-deployment --image gcr.io/my-project/my-app:v2

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kubectl replace deployment my-deployment --image gcr.io/my-project/my-app:v2

Question 8

You want to view recent errors from your Compute Engine instances using Cloud Logging. Which query language statement would you use in the Log Explorer?

Accepted Answer

resource.type = "gce_instance" AND severity = "ERROR". In Cloud Logging, you can filter logs by resource type and severity. The correct syntax uses fields like resource.type and severity.

Answer

resource.type = "compute.googleapis.com/Instance" AND severity = "ERROR"

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type = "gce_instance" AND level = "ERROR"

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resource.type=gce_instance AND severity=error

Question 9

You need to drain a GKE node for maintenance. The node is running a DaemonSet and some pods with emptyDir volumes. Which kubectl command should you use to safely drain the node without causing errors?

Accepted Answer

kubectl drain node-name --ignore-daemonsets --delete-emptydir-data. The kubectl drain command with --ignore-daemonsets and --delete-emptydir-data flags safely evicts pods while ignoring DaemonSets (which are managed by the node) and allowing deletion of pods with emptyDir volumes.

Answer

kubectl drain node-name --force

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kubectl drain node-name --ignore-daemonsets

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kubectl cordon node-name && kubectl delete pods --all --grace-period=0

Question 10

You want to create a snapshot of a persistent disk named 'my-disk' in zone us-central1-a. Which command should you use?

Accepted Answer

gcloud compute disks snapshot my-disk --snapshot-names my-snapshot --zone us-central1-a. The gcloud compute disks snapshot command creates a snapshot of the specified disk. You need to provide the disk name and zone.

Answer

gcloud compute snapshots create my-snapshot --source-disk my-disk --zone us-central1-a

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gcloud compute images create my-snapshot --source-disk my-disk --zone us-central1-a

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gcloud compute disks create-snapshot my-disk --snapshot-name my-snapshot --zone us-central1-a

Question 11

You have a Cloud Run service that is experiencing high latency. You want to analyze the latency distribution of requests. Which Google Cloud tool should you use?

Accepted Answer

Cloud Trace. Cloud Trace is a distributed tracing service that collects latency data from applications and provides detailed analysis, including latency distributions and per-request traces.

Answer

Cloud Debugger

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Cloud Logging Log Explorer

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Cloud Monitoring Metrics Explorer

Question 12

You need to load a CSV file from Cloud Storage into an existing BigQuery table. Which bq command should you use?

Accepted Answer

bq load --source_format=CSV mydataset.mytable gs://mybucket/myfile.csv. The bq load command loads data into a BigQuery table. You specify the source format (CSV) and the location of the file in Cloud Storage.

Answer

bq query --source_format=CSV 'SELECT * FROM mydataset.mytable'

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bq insert mydataset.mytable gs://mybucket/myfile.csv

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bq import mydataset.mytable gs://mybucket/myfile.csv

Question 13

You are troubleshooting a slow Pub/Sub subscription. Which three steps should you take to diagnose the issue? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Check the subscription's backlog in the Pub/Sub console or via gcloud pubsub subscriptions describe. Cloud Monitoring (Metrics Explorer) can show subscription backlog, Cloud Logging can show subscriber errors, and checking the subscription's backlog via gcloud or console helps assess the issue. Cloud Trace is for HTTP-based services, not Pub/Sub directly. Cloud Debugger is for code debugging, not Pub/Sub monitoring.

Answer

Use Cloud Trace to analyze the latency of each Pub/Sub message

Answer

Use Cloud Debugger to inspect the subscriber code

Question 14

Your GKE cluster is running an older version of Kubernetes. You need to upgrade the cluster's control plane and node pools. Which two steps should you perform? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Upgrade the cluster's control plane using gcloud container clusters upgrade. Upgrading a GKE cluster involves upgrading the cluster (control plane) first using gcloud container clusters upgrade, and then upgrading node pools separately (or they can be auto-upgraded). You cannot upgrade nodes without upgrading the control plane first. Draining nodes is not a step for upgrading, it's for maintenance.

Answer

Create a new cluster with the desired version and migrate workloads

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Drain all nodes using kubectl drain before upgrading

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Manually update the kubelet version on each node

Question 15

You need to set up an alerting policy to notify your team via email and Slack when a Compute Engine instance's CPU utilization exceeds 80% for 5 minutes. Which two resources must you configure? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

A metric threshold condition on the 'compute.googleapis.com/instance/cpu/utilization' metric. To create an alerting policy, you need a metric threshold condition (e.g., CPU utilization > 80% for 5 minutes) and notification channels (email, Slack). Uptime checks are for availability, not performance metrics. Log-based alerts are for log events, not metrics.

Answer

A Cloud Function to check CPU and send Slack message

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An uptime check for the external IP of the instance

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A log-based alert for the 'compute.googleapis.com/instance' log