Spanning Tree Protocol

A network engineer is troubleshooting an STP issue in a switched network. The network has two distribution switches connected via a trunk, and each distribution switch connects to the same access switch. The engineer notices that the root bridge is not the intended distribution switch. Upon checking, the engineer sees that the access switch has a higher priority than the distribution switches. The engineer needs to ensure that the intended distribution switch becomes the root bridge without causing a temporary loop. What should the engineer do?

An engineer is designing a redundant Layer 2 network with multiple VLANs. The network uses Rapid PVST+ for STP. The engineer wants to ensure that different VLANs have different root bridges to optimize traffic flow. The distribution switches are Cisco Catalyst 9300s. The engineer has configured one distribution switch as the root for VLANs 10 and 20, and the other as the root for VLANs 30 and 40. However, after implementation, the engineer notices that all VLANs have the same root bridge. What is the most likely cause?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a Layer 2 loop issue. The network consists of three switches: SW1, SW2, and SW3, all connected in a triangle. The engineer notices that SW1 is the root bridge. After a link failure between SW1 and SW2, the network experiences a temporary loop. The engineer wants to prevent such loops in the future by enabling a feature that provides faster convergence and prevents temporary loops during topology changes. The engineer is using Rapid PVST+. Which feature should the engineer enable?

An engineer is configuring a new access switch that connects to two distribution switches via trunk links. The distribution switches are configured with Rapid PVST+ and are both running as root bridges for different VLANs. The engineer wants to ensure that the access switch does not become the root bridge for any VLAN, even if the distribution switches fail. The engineer also wants to prevent any unauthorized switch from becoming root. What configuration should the engineer apply on the access switch?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a connectivity issue in a switched network. The network uses Rapid PVST+ with multiple VLANs. The engineer notices that a host connected to an access port on SW1 cannot communicate with the default gateway, which is on a distribution switch. The access port is configured with PortFast and BPDU Guard. The engineer checks the switch logs and sees that the port went into errdisable state. What is the most likely cause of the errdisable state?

An engineer is designing a Layer 2 network with redundancy. The network uses MST (Multiple Spanning Tree) to reduce the number of STP instances. The engineer has configured two regions: Region 1 and Region 2. The engineer notices that switches in Region 1 are not forming a single MST region, and instead, they are treating each other as if they are in different regions. The engineer checks the configuration and finds that the region name and revision number are the same on all switches in Region 1, but the VLAN-to-instance mapping is different on one switch. What is the most likely cause of the issue?

A network engineer is troubleshooting an STP issue in a network that uses Rapid PVST+. The network has a root bridge (SW1) and a secondary root bridge (SW2). The engineer notices that after a link failure between SW1 and SW2, the network takes longer than expected to converge. The engineer checks the configuration and finds that SW2 has the 'spanning-tree uplinkfast' command enabled. The engineer also notices that SW2 has a lower priority than SW1. What is the most likely cause of the slow convergence?

A network engineer is configuring a new switch that will be used as an access layer switch. The switch connects to two distribution switches via trunk links. The engineer wants to ensure that the access switch does not become the root bridge for any VLAN. The engineer also wants to provide redundancy so that if one uplink fails, the other uplink takes over quickly. The engineer is using Rapid PVST+. What configuration should the engineer apply on the access switch?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a Layer 2 loop that occurred in a network using Rapid PVST+. The network has three switches: SW1 (root), SW2, and SW3. The engineer examines the topology and finds that SW2 and SW3 are connected via a link that is not supposed to be there. The engineer suspects that an unauthorized switch was connected to the network, causing the loop. The engineer wants to prevent such loops in the future by configuring a feature that will disable any port that receives a BPDU from an unauthorized switch. Which feature should the engineer configure on the access ports?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW1: SW1# show spanning-tree vlan 10 VLAN0010 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24586 Address aabb.cc00.0100 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 24586 (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 10) Address aabb.cc00.0100 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Based on this output, what can be concluded?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW2: SW2# show spanning-tree vlan 20 VLAN0020 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24596 Address aabb.cc00.0200 Cost 4 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 20) Address aabb.cc00.0300 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Altn BLK 4 128.3 P2p Based on this output, what can be concluded?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW3: SW3# show spanning-tree vlan 30 VLAN0030 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24606 Address aabb.cc00.0400 Cost 12 Port 2 (GigabitEthernet0/2) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32798 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 30) Address aabb.cc00.0500 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Root FWD 12 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Based on this output, what is the root path cost from SW3 to the root bridge for VLAN 30?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW4: SW4# show spanning-tree vlan 40 VLAN0040 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24616 Address aabb.cc00.0600 Cost 8 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 40) Address aabb.cc00.0700 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 8 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Based on this output, which port is the root port?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW5: SW5# show spanning-tree vlan 50 VLAN0050 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24626 Address aabb.cc00.0800 Cost 4 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 50) Address aabb.cc00.0900 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Gi0/4 Altn BLK 4 128.4 P2p Based on this output, how many ports are in the Forwarding state?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW6: SW6# show spanning-tree vlan 60 VLAN0060 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24636 Address aabb.cc00.0a00 Cost 8 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 60) Address aabb.cc00.0b00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 8 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Altn BLK 4 128.3 P2p Gi0/4 Desg FWD 4 128.4 P2p Based on this output, what is the bridge priority of the root bridge for VLAN 60?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW7: SW7# show spanning-tree vlan 70 VLAN0070 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24646 Address aabb.cc00.0c00 Cost 4 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 70) Address aabb.cc00.0d00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Altn BLK 4 128.3 P2p Based on this output, which port is the alternate port?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW8: SW8# show spanning-tree vlan 80 VLAN0080 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24656 Address aabb.cc00.0e00 Cost 12 Port 1 (GigabitEthernet0/1) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 80) Address aabb.cc00.0f00 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Root FWD 12 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Gi0/4 Altn BLK 4 128.4 P2p Based on this output, what is the cost of the root port?

A network engineer runs the following command on Switch SW9: SW9# show spanning-tree vlan 90 VLAN0090 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 24666 Address aabb.cc00.1000 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 24666 (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 90) Address aabb.cc00.1000 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Gi0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi0/2 Desg FWD 4 128.2 P2p Gi0/3 Desg FWD 4 128.3 P2p Gi0/4 Desg FWD 4 128.4 P2p Based on this output, what is the base priority of the root bridge?

interface GigabitEthernet0/1 spanning-tree portfast spanning-tree bpduguard enable end What is the effect of this configuration?

spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096 What is the effect of this global configuration command?

interface GigabitEthernet0/2 spanning-tree link-type point-to-point end What is the effect of this configuration?

interface GigabitEthernet0/3 spanning-tree guard root end What is the effect of this configuration?

interface GigabitEthernet0/4 spanning-tree vlan 20 cost 100 end What is the effect of this configuration?

spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst What is the effect of this global configuration command?

What is the default STP hello timer value in seconds?

Which of the following is true about the STP max age timer?

What is the default STP port cost for a 10 Gigabit Ethernet interface?

Drag and drop the steps of STP root bridge election and port state transitions into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of Rapid PVST+ convergence process into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of MST region configuration and operation into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of Rapid PVST+ topology change notification process into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of MSTP region and instance configuration steps into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP portfast and BPDU guard configuration into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP root guard and loop guard activation into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP path cost manipulation for load balancing into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of Rapid PVST+ topology change notification process into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of MSTP region and instance configuration steps into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP portfast and BPDU guard configuration into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP root guard and loop guard activation into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop the steps of STP path cost manipulation for load balancing into the correct order, from first to last.

Drag and drop each STP port state on the left to its matching function on the right.

Drag and drop each STP variant on the left to its matching IEEE standard on the right.

Drag and drop each STP port role on the left to its matching definition on the right.

Drag and drop each STP timer on the left to its matching default value on the right.

Drag and drop each STP protection feature on the left to its matching purpose on the right.

Drag and drop each STP port state on the left to its matching function on the right.

Drag and drop each STP variant on the left to its matching standard on the right.

Drag and drop each STP port role on the left to its matching definition on the right.

Drag and drop each STP timer on the left to its matching default value on the right.

Drag and drop each STP protection feature on the left to its matching purpose on the right.

Which two statements about Rapid PVST+ are true? (Choose two.)

Which two statements about PortFast are true? (Choose two.)

Which three statements about the Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) are true? (Choose three.)

Which two statements about Rapid PVST+ are true? (Choose two.)

Which three statements about STP topology changes and convergence are true? (Choose three.)

Which three statements about Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) are true? (Choose three.)

Which two statements about STP port roles and states are true? (Choose two.)

Which three statements about STP convergence and timers are true? (Choose three.)