DP-900 Describe core data concepts Practice Test 17 — 15 Questions

Question 1

Your organization uses Microsoft Fabric to build a data lakehouse. Data engineers need to transform data using Spark and store results in Delta Lake format. Which Fabric component should they use?

Accepted Answer

Notebooks. Notebooks in Microsoft Fabric provide an interactive environment for writing and executing Spark code, which is required for transforming data using Spark. The results can be directly written to Delta Lake format, making Notebooks the correct component for this task.

Answer

Dataflows Gen2

Answer

Pipelines

Answer

Semantic models

Question 2

Refer to the exhibit. You create an Azure Policy to deny virtual machines that are not using approved SKUs. After assigning the policy to a subscription, a user tries to create a VM with SKU 'Standard_DS2_v2' and the creation is allowed. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

The alias 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sku.name' is incorrect; the correct alias is 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sku'.. Option C is correct because the alias 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sku.name' is invalid; the correct alias for the SKU property of a virtual machine is 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/sku'. Azure Policy aliases must exactly match the ARM resource property path. Using an incorrect alias means the policy rule never evaluates the intended property, so the deny effect never triggers, allowing any SKU to be created.

Answer

The policy is not assigned to the resource group where the VM is created.

Answer

The field type 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' is incorrect.

Answer

The policy rule does not specify a deny effect.

Question 3

Which TWO Azure services can be used to perform real-time data ingestion and processing? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Azure Event Hubs. Azure Event Hubs is a fully managed, real-time data ingestion service that can ingest millions of events per second from any source, using AMQP, HTTPS, or Apache Kafka protocol. It is designed for high-throughput, low-latency event streaming, making it ideal for real-time data ingestion and processing pipelines.

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Answer

Azure Blob Storage

Answer

Azure Data Factory

Question 4

Which THREE data storage considerations are important when choosing between Azure SQL Database and Azure Cosmos DB? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

ACID transaction support. Option A is correct because Azure SQL Database provides full ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transaction support, ensuring reliable data operations with commit and rollback capabilities. This is critical for applications requiring strict data integrity, such as financial systems or inventory management.

Answer

Maximum storage capacity

Answer

Built-in analytics features

Question 5

Which TWO Azure data services are classified as NoSQL databases? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Azure Cosmos DB. Azure Cosmos DB is a fully managed NoSQL database service that supports multiple data models, including document, key-value, graph, and column-family, via APIs like SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gremlin, and Table. It is explicitly designed as a NoSQL database with schema-agnostic, horizontally scalable storage.

Answer

Azure SQL Managed Instance

Answer

Azure Database for PostgreSQL

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Question 6

You are a data architect at a global retail company. The company has an Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 account that stores petabytes of clickstream data. They need to provide near real-time analytics dashboards for regional managers. The data arrives in batches every 5 minutes. Currently, they use Azure Databricks to transform the data and load it into Azure Synapse Analytics, but the dashboards show data that is 30 minutes old. The business requires dashboards to reflect data within 10 minutes of ingestion. You propose a new solution. Which approach should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Ingest data into Azure Event Hubs, use Azure Stream Analytics to process and output to Power BI for real-time dashboards.. Option C is correct because it uses Azure Event Hubs for low-latency ingestion and Azure Stream Analytics for real-time processing, enabling near real-time dashboards in Power BI with sub-minute latency. This architecture bypasses the batch-oriented pipeline that causes the current 30-minute delay, meeting the 10-minute requirement.

Answer

Keep current pipeline but replace Synapse with Azure Analysis Services for faster query performance.

Answer

Use Azure Data Factory with tumbling window triggers every 5 minutes to load data from Data Lake to Synapse.

Answer

Increase the number of Databricks clusters and use Auto Loader to speed up transformations.

Question 7

Your organization is migrating on-premises SQL Server databases to Azure. The databases include a mission-critical OLTP system that requires high availability with automatic failover and a reporting database that is used for read-only queries. You need to choose the appropriate Azure SQL deployment options for each workload. The OLTP system must have a recovery point objective (RPO) of less than 5 seconds and a recovery time objective (RTO) of less than 30 seconds. The reporting database should be cost-effective and can tolerate up to 5 minutes of data loss. What should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use Azure SQL Database Managed Instance with a failover group for OLTP, and use a read-only replica of the Managed Instance for reporting.. Option C is correct because Azure SQL Database Managed Instance supports failover groups that provide automatic failover across regions with an RPO of less than 5 seconds and an RTO of less than 30 seconds, meeting the OLTP requirements. The read-only replica of the Managed Instance can be used for reporting queries without impacting the primary OLTP workload, and it is cost-effective as it does not require a separate database instance.

Answer

Use SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines with Always On Availability Groups for both workloads.

Answer

Use Azure SQL Database Hyperscale for OLTP and Azure SQL Database serverless for reporting.

Answer

Use Azure SQL Database single database with active geo-replication for both workloads.

Question 8

A small business wants to use Azure to store and analyze customer feedback from surveys. The surveys are collected via a web app and stored as JSON files. The business needs to run SQL-based queries on the data and generate reports in Power BI. They have a limited budget and prefer a serverless option to minimize management overhead. Which Azure service should they use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Synapse Analytics serverless SQL pool. Azure Synapse Analytics serverless SQL pool is the correct choice because it allows you to query JSON files directly from Azure Data Lake Storage or Blob Storage using standard T-SQL, without provisioning any infrastructure. It is serverless (pay-per-query), supports SQL-based queries, and integrates seamlessly with Power BI for reporting, making it ideal for a small business with a limited budget and minimal management overhead.

Answer

Azure Analysis Services

Answer

Azure Databricks

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Question 9

Your company stores IoT sensor data in Azure Blob Storage. Data analysts need to query the data using SQL without moving it. Which Azure service should you use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Synapse Serverless SQL. Azure Synapse Serverless SQL is the correct choice because it provides a SQL-based query engine that can directly query data stored in Azure Blob Storage using T-SQL, without requiring data movement or a dedicated data warehouse. It uses a pay-per-query model and supports reading various file formats like Parquet, CSV, and JSON, making it ideal for ad-hoc analytical queries on IoT sensor data.

Answer

Azure Stream Analytics

Answer

Azure Data Lake Storage

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Question 10

A retail company uses Azure SQL Database to store transactional data. They need to ensure that reporting queries do not impact the performance of the transactional workload. Which solution should you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Configure a read replica in Azure SQL Database. A read replica in Azure SQL Database allows reporting queries to be offloaded to a read-only copy of the database, isolating them from the primary transactional workload. This ensures that reporting activities do not consume resources (CPU, IO, memory) on the primary instance, preventing performance degradation for transactional operations.

Answer

Increase the DTU or vCore limit of the database

Answer

Add indexes to the reporting tables

Answer

Partition the largest tables by date

Question 11

You need to store semi-structured JSON documents from a web application in Azure. The data will be accessed by a key/value lookup. Which Azure data store should you use?

Accepted Answer

Azure Cosmos DB. Azure Cosmos DB is the correct choice because it natively supports semi-structured JSON documents and provides key/value lookup via its partition key mechanism. It offers single-digit millisecond latency for point reads, making it ideal for web application data that needs fast, scalable access by a unique key.

Answer

Azure Blob Storage

Answer

Azure Table Storage

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Question 12

Your organization has a data warehouse in Azure Synapse Analytics. You need to load data from Azure Blob Storage daily, transforming it using a data flow. Which Azure service should you use for the ETL process?

Accepted Answer

Azure Data Factory. Azure Data Factory (ADF) is the correct choice because it provides native integration with Azure Synapse Analytics and Azure Blob Storage, and it includes a visual data flow designer for transforming data without writing code. ADF's mapping data flows execute at scale on Spark clusters, making it ideal for daily ETL workloads that require both ingestion and transformation.

Answer

Azure Databricks

Answer

Azure Logic Apps

Answer

Azure Synapse Pipelines

Question 13

Which TWO of the following are characteristics of structured data?

Accepted Answer

Data is organized in rows and columns. Structured data is defined by its organization into rows and columns, typically within a relational database or spreadsheet, where each column represents a specific attribute and each row a record. This tabular format enables efficient querying, sorting, and aggregation using SQL. Option B correctly identifies this core characteristic.

Answer

Data uses tags or markers to separate elements

Answer

Data is stored in Azure Cosmos DB

Answer

Data has no predefined schema

Question 14

Which THREE of the following are benefits of using Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2?

Accepted Answer

Cost-effective for storing petabytes of data. Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 is cost-effective for storing petabytes of data because it decouples compute from storage, allowing you to store massive amounts of data in Azure Blob Storage at low cost, while leveraging a hierarchical namespace for efficient data organization. This makes it ideal for big data analytics workloads where large-scale data retention is required without incurring high costs.

Answer

Built-in NoSQL document store

Answer

Integrated data transformation engine

Question 15

Which TWO Azure services are appropriate for real-time data ingestion from IoT devices?

Accepted Answer

Azure IoT Hub. Azure IoT Hub is designed specifically for bidirectional communication with IoT devices, supporting protocols like MQTT, AMQP, and HTTPS for real-time data ingestion. It provides per-device authentication, device management, and built-in message routing to downstream services, making it ideal for ingesting telemetry data from millions of devices in real time.

Answer

Azure Data Factory

Answer

Azure SQL Database

Answer

Azure Blob Storage