CV0-004 Deployment Practice Test 2 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is deploying a new web application in a hybrid cloud environment. The application must be highly available and able to handle traffic spikes. The cloud team decides to use an auto-scaling group across multiple availability zones with a load balancer. Which additional step should the team take to ensure session persistence during scaling events?

Accepted Answer

Enable sticky sessions on the load balancer. Sticky sessions (also known as session affinity) ensure that all requests from a user during a session are directed to the same backend instance. In an auto-scaling group, instances are added or removed dynamically; without sticky sessions, a load balancer using a default algorithm could route a user to a different instance after a scale-out event, losing the in-memory session state. Enabling sticky sessions on the load balancer preserves session persistence across scaling events by binding the user's session to a specific instance for its duration.

Answer

Implement a stateless application design

Answer

Increase the instance size to handle more sessions

Answer

Configure the load balancer to use a round-robin algorithm

Question 2

A cloud architect is designing a deployment for a multi-tier application that must meet compliance requirements for data residency. The application consists of a web tier, application tier, and database tier. Which TWO deployment strategies should the architect consider to ensure data remains in a specific geographic region while maintaining high availability?

Accepted Answer

Deploy across multiple availability zones in the same region. Deploying across multiple Availability Zones (AZs) within the same region ensures that application components remain within the geographic boundary required for data residency, while providing high availability through fault isolation. If one AZ fails, traffic is automatically routed to healthy instances in other AZs, maintaining uptime without leaving the region.

Answer

Set up a VPN to a neighboring region

Answer

Deploy in a single availability zone

Answer

Deploy across multiple regions

Question 3

Arrange the steps to configure a VPN connection between an on-premises network and a cloud VPC.

Question 4

Arrange the steps to implement a cloud security group that allows only specific IPs to access an application.

Question 5

Match each networking concept to its definition.

Question 6

Match each high-availability concept to its description.

Question 7

A company needs to deploy a web application quickly and reliably. Which approach is best?

Accepted Answer

Use a CI/CD pipeline with automated deployment. Option B is correct because CI/CD pipelines automate testing and deployment, ensuring consistency and speed. Option A is wrong because manual deployment is error-prone and slow. Option C is wrong because copy/paste to servers is not scalable. Option D is wrong because blue-green is a deployment strategy, not a full pipeline.

Answer

FTP the application to each server individually

Answer

Perform a blue-green deployment manually

Answer

Manually copy the application files to the server

Question 8

A deployment fails with a message about missing dependencies. What should the administrator check first?

Accepted Answer

Review the deployment logs to identify missing packages. When a deployment fails with a 'missing dependencies' message, the first step is to review the deployment logs. Logs will contain specific error messages indicating which packages or libraries are absent, allowing the administrator to install them directly. This aligns with standard troubleshooting methodology: identify the root cause from logs before taking corrective action.

Answer

Change the instance type to one with more memory

Answer

Reinstall the operating system

Answer

Restart the server and retry the deployment

Question 9

A company is deploying a microservices architecture that must scale dynamically based on traffic. Which technology should be used?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes with Horizontal Pod Autoscaler. Option A is correct because Kubernetes with HPA automatically scales pods based on metrics. Option B is wrong because monolithic deployments are not scalable. Option C is wrong because manual scaling is not dynamic. Option D is wrong while a large instance may handle more load, it does not provide dynamic scaling.

Answer

Manually add more virtual machines during peak hours

Answer

Deploy a monolithic application on a single large instance

Answer

Use a single large instance with a load balancer

Question 10

An organization wants to migrate its on-premises virtual machines to the cloud with minimal changes. Which deployment model is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Lift-and-shift to IaaS. The lift-and-shift (rehost) model migrates on-premises virtual machines to IaaS with minimal changes, preserving the OS, applications, and configurations. This approach avoids refactoring or re-architecting, making it the most appropriate for minimizing modifications during cloud migration.

Answer

Re-platform to PaaS

Answer

Refactor into SaaS

Answer

Re-architect as containerized applications

Question 11

During a deployment using a script, an administrator receives a 'Permission Denied' error. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The service account lacks necessary IAM roles. Option A is correct because the service account may not have the required IAM roles to execute the actions. Option B is wrong because region does not affect permissions. Option C is wrong because storage issues cause different errors. Option D is wrong because network latency does not cause permission errors.

Answer

Network latency is causing timeouts

Answer

The deployment is targeting the wrong region

Answer

The instance has insufficient storage

Question 12

A company is deploying a multi-tier application with web servers and a database. Which architecture ensures high availability?

Accepted Answer

Deploy web servers in an auto-scaling group across two AZs and database in a multi-AZ configuration. Option A is correct because deploying web servers in an auto-scaling group across two Availability Zones (AZs) ensures that if one AZ fails, the other continues serving traffic, while a multi-AZ database configuration (e.g., Amazon RDS Multi-AZ) automatically synchronously replicates data to a standby instance in a different AZ, enabling automatic failover. This combination eliminates single points of failure at both the web and database tiers, meeting high availability requirements.

Answer

Deploy a single large web server and a single database instance

Answer

Deploy web servers in an auto-scaling group in one AZ and database in single instance

Answer

Deploy web servers and database in a single availability zone

Question 13

What is the primary benefit of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?

Accepted Answer

Consistent and repeatable deployments. Option C is correct because IaC ensures consistent and repeatable deployments by defining infrastructure in code. Option A is wrong while improved network performance is not a direct benefit. Option B is wrong because IaC may reduce costs through automation but consistency is key. Option D is wrong because manual control is the opposite of automation.

Answer

Improved network performance

Answer

Full manual control over resources

Answer

Lower cloud service costs

Question 14

A containerized application deployment fails with an 'ImagePullBackOff' error. What should the administrator verify?

Accepted Answer

The container registry credentials and image tag. Option B is correct because the error indicates the container runtime cannot pull the image, often due to wrong tag or registry credentials. Option A is wrong while DNS could be involved, it typically gives a different error. Option C is wrong firewall issues cause timeouts, not pull errors. Option D is wrong CPU utilization does not cause image pull errors.

Answer

The CPU utilization on the node

Answer

The cluster's DNS configuration

Answer

The firewall rules between nodes and registry

Question 15

Which deployment strategy minimizes risk by gradually shifting a small percentage of traffic to a new version before full rollout?

Accepted Answer

Canary deployment. A canary deployment minimizes risk by routing a small percentage of traffic (e.g., 5-10%) to the new version while the majority continues to use the stable version. This allows real-world validation of the new version under production load before a full rollout, and if issues are detected, traffic can be instantly redirected back to the old version. The strategy is named after the 'canary in a coal mine' concept, where early detection of problems prevents widespread impact.

Answer

In-place deployment

Answer

Rolling deployment

Answer

Blue-green deployment