SAP-C02 Mock Exam 77 — 25 Questions

Question 1

A company is migrating a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application currently uses Windows Authentication and a SQL Server database. The company wants to reduce licensing costs and use managed services where possible. The migration should minimize code changes. Which combination of services meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk for the .NET application, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS Managed Microsoft AD. AWS Managed Microsoft AD provides Windows Authentication compatibility. Amazon RDS for SQL Server is a managed database service that reduces operational overhead and licensing costs compared to self-managed SQL Server. AWS Elastic Beanstalk supports .NET applications. This combination minimizes code changes. Lambda does not support .NET Windows Authentication natively; DynamoDB is not compatible; EC2 does not reduce licensing costs.

Answer

Amazon EC2 instances with SQL Server installed and AWS Directory Service for AD

Answer

AWS Lambda for the application logic and Amazon DynamoDB for the database

Answer

Amazon ECS with Windows containers, Amazon RDS for SQL Server, and AWS SSO

Question 2

Refer to the exhibit. A solutions architect runs the CLI command to list EC2 instances. The output shows three instances. The architect wants to start the stopped instance and ensure it retains its instance store data. What should the architect do?

Accepted Answer

Create an AMI from the stopped instance before starting it, then launch a new instance from the AMI.. Option B is correct. Instance store volumes are ephemeral and data is lost when the instance is stopped. To retain data, the architect must move the data to an EBS volume or another persistent store. Option A is wrong because starting the instance will not recover instance store data. Option C is wrong because instance store volumes cannot be detached. Option D is wrong because changing the instance type does not affect instance store persistence.

Answer

Modify the instance type to one that supports instance store, then start the instance.

Answer

Detach the instance store volume and attach it to a running instance.

Answer

Run `aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids i-0a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h9` to start the instance.

Question 3

A company wants to assess its on-premises environment for migration to AWS. The company needs to collect utilization data for servers and applications. Which AWS service should the company use?

Accepted Answer

AWS Application Discovery Service. Option D is correct because AWS Application Discovery Service collects server and application utilization data. Option A is wrong because AWS Migration Hub tracks migrations but does not discover. Option B is wrong because AWS Server Migration Service is deprecated. Option C is wrong because AWS DMS is for databases.

Answer

AWS Migration Hub

Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)

Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS)

Question 4

A company wants to migrate its on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for MySQL with minimal downtime. Which AWS service should be used for the initial data load and ongoing replication?

Accepted Answer

AWS Database Migration Service (DMS). Option B is correct because AWS DMS performs continuous replication with minimal downtime. Option A (SCT) is for schema conversion. Option C (S3) is for storage. Option D (Direct Connect) is for network connectivity.

Answer

AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

AWS Direct Connect

Question 5

A retail company is migrating its on-premises e-commerce application to AWS. The application currently runs on a single server with a MySQL database. The company wants to minimize operational overhead and improve scalability. Which migration strategy should be used?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on Amazon EC2 and use Amazon RDS for MySQL.. Option A is correct because lift-and-shift (rehosting) is the fastest way to migrate with minimal changes, reducing operational overhead. Option B is wrong because refactoring takes more time. Option C is wrong because re-platforming still requires modifications. Option D is wrong because repurchasing would involve changing the application.

Answer

Re-platform the application to use AWS Elastic Beanstalk and Amazon RDS.

Answer

Repurchase a new SaaS-based e-commerce solution.

Answer

Refactor the application as microservices on Amazon ECS with Amazon Aurora Serverless.

Question 6

A company is modernizing its monolithic Java application to a microservices architecture on AWS. The application uses a shared Oracle database. The team wants to implement an event-driven architecture. Which TWO AWS services should be used to decouple microservices and handle asynchronous communication?

Accepted Answer

Amazon EventBridge. Option C (SQS) and Option D (EventBridge) are correct. SQS provides message queuing for decoupling. EventBridge enables event-driven communication. Option A (SNS) is pub/sub but not for decoupling queues. Option B (Kinesis) is for streaming, not typical decoupling. Option E (AppSync) is for GraphQL APIs.

Answer

AWS AppSync

Answer

Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)

Answer

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams

Question 7

A company is planning to migrate 50 TB of data from an on-premises data center to Amazon S3. The on-premises network bandwidth is 100 Mbps. The migration must be completed within 30 days. What is the most cost-effective solution?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Snowball Edge device.. At 100 Mbps, transferring 50 TB over the internet would take approximately 50 days (50*8*1024*1024 / (100*86400) ≈ 48.5 days), exceeding the 30-day window. AWS Snowball Edge is a physical device that can transfer data offline faster and is cost-effective for large data volumes. AWS DMS is for databases; Direct Connect requires setup time; S3 Transfer Acceleration improves speed but still limited by bandwidth.

Answer

Use AWS Direct Connect to increase bandwidth.

Answer

Use AWS DataSync over the internet.

Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS).

Question 8

A company is migrating a legacy .NET Framework 4.7 application to AWS. The application currently uses Windows Authentication and stores session state in-process. The company wants to minimize code changes and use AWS managed services. Which TWO strategies should the company adopt?

Accepted Answer

Migrate the application to run on Amazon EC2 instances joined to AWS Managed Microsoft AD.. Option A is correct because AWS Managed Microsoft AD supports Windows Authentication and can integrate with EC2 or Elastic Beanstalk without code changes. Option D is correct because ElastiCache for Redis can be used as a distributed session store, replacing in-process session state with minimal code changes (using Redis Session State Provider). Option B is wrong because .NET Core is not compatible with .NET Framework 4.7 without significant rewrite. Option C is wrong because Cognito is for external identity providers, not Windows Authentication. Option E is wrong because DynamoDB is not a drop-in replacement for in-process sessions; it requires custom code.

Answer

Rewrite the application to .NET Core and deploy on AWS Elastic Beanstalk with Amazon RDS for SQL Server.

Answer

Use Amazon Cognito with an Active Directory connector for authentication.

Answer

Use Amazon DynamoDB to persist session state.

Question 9

Refer to the exhibit. A company deploys this CloudFormation template. After deployment, they enable S3 Transfer Acceleration on the bucket. Later, they update the stack. What happens to the Transfer Acceleration setting?

Accepted Answer

The Transfer Acceleration setting remains unchanged after the update.. Option D is correct. CloudFormation drift detection does not automatically revert manual changes. The Transfer Acceleration setting is a property of the bucket; if not defined in the template, CloudFormation may not manage it, but typically manual changes are not overwritten unless the template explicitly defines them. However, best practice is to define all settings in the template to avoid drift. Option A is wrong because CloudFormation does not automatically disable it. Option B is wrong because CloudFormation does not automatically enable it. Option C is wrong because updates do not reset to default.

Answer

CloudFormation enables Transfer Acceleration because it is a best practice.

Answer

The update fails because of a conflict between the template and the manual change.

Answer

CloudFormation removes the Transfer Acceleration setting because it is not defined in the template.

Question 10

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS and wants to use Infrastructure as Code (IaC) to automate provisioning. Which AWS services can the company use to define and manage infrastructure declaratively? (Choose TWO.)

Accepted Answer

AWS CloudFormation. Option A (AWS CloudFormation) and Option C (AWS CDK) are correct because both allow declarative infrastructure definition. Option B (AWS Elastic Beanstalk) is a PaaS service, not IaC. Option D (AWS OpsWorks) is configuration management. Option E (AWS CodeDeploy) is for deployment automation.

Answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Answer

AWS OpsWorks

Answer

AWS CodeDeploy

Question 11

A company is migrating a stateful application to AWS. The application uses local storage for temporary data that must survive instance restarts but not region failures. Which storage solution should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Instance Store. Option C is correct because Instance Store provides ephemeral storage that persists across reboots but not stops. Option A (EBS) survives stops. Option B (EFS) is network file system. Option D (S3) is object storage.

Answer

Amazon EBS

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

Amazon EFS

Question 12

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises data warehouse to AWS. The data warehouse runs on a large Oracle RAC cluster with complex stored procedures and ETL jobs. The company wants to minimize migration effort while gaining cloud benefits. Which AWS service should be used as the target?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Redshift. Option C is correct because Amazon Redshift is the AWS data warehouse that can migrate from Oracle with minimal changes using SCT. Option A is wrong because RDS is not a data warehouse. Option B is wrong because Aurora is a relational database, not a data warehouse. Option D is wrong because DynamoDB is a NoSQL database.

Answer

Amazon DynamoDB

Answer

Amazon RDS for Oracle

Answer

Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL

Question 13

A company is planning to migrate its on-premises infrastructure to AWS. The company wants to assess the current environment and create a migration plan. Which THREE AWS services should be used for discovery and assessment?

Accepted Answer

AWS Server Migration Service (SMS). Option A (Migration Hub), Option B (Application Discovery Service), and Option C (Server Migration Service - though SMS is for migration, it can also help with discovery) are correct. Note: SMS is used for migration but also provides server inventory. Option D (Trusted Advisor) is for cost optimization, not discovery. Option E (CloudWatch) is for monitoring.

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch

Answer

AWS Trusted Advisor

Question 14

A company is modernizing its infrastructure by moving from EC2 instances to a serverless architecture using AWS Lambda. The application processes images uploaded to Amazon S3. The current EC2-based solution uses a third-party image processing library that is not supported in Lambda's runtime environment. What is the best approach to migrate to serverless while using the same library?

Accepted Answer

Package the library as a Lambda layer and reference it in the function.. AWS Lambda supports custom runtime environments by bundling the library with the deployment package or using Lambda layers. The library can be included as a layer, allowing the Lambda function to use it. AWS Fargate runs containers but is not serverless in the same sense; it adds overhead. Using a different library would require code changes. App Runner is for containerized applications.

Answer

Use AWS Fargate to run the image processing library in a container.

Answer

Rewrite the image processing code to use AWS Rekognition.

Answer

Use AWS App Runner to deploy the existing application as-is.

Question 15

A company is migrating a large Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The migration must have minimal downtime and support ongoing replication. Which THREE steps should the company take?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with change data capture (CDC) to replicate ongoing changes.. Option A is correct because AWS DMS can migrate data from Oracle to Aurora PostgreSQL with minimal downtime using change data capture (CDC). Option C is correct because increasing the DB instance size during migration can improve performance and reduce migration time. Option E is correct because AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) can convert the Oracle schema to PostgreSQL-compatible schema, which is necessary before migration. Option B is wrong because SCT is for schema conversion, not data migration. Option D is wrong because AWS DMS can convert data types on the fly; a homogeneous migration is not required. Option F is wrong because AWS DMS supports full load plus CDC, so you don't need to stop the source database.

Answer

Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to perform the data migration.

Answer

Convert the Oracle database to PostgreSQL first, then use AWS DMS for a homogeneous migration.

Answer

Take the source Oracle database offline to ensure data consistency during the migration.

Question 16

A company is migrating a monolithic e-commerce application to a microservices architecture on AWS. The migration must minimize downtime and allow rollback. Which migration strategy should the company use?

Accepted Answer

Strangler fig pattern. Option C is correct because the strangler fig pattern allows incremental replacement of monolithic components with microservices, minimizing risk and enabling rollback. Option A (big bang) risks extended downtime. Option B (rehost) does not modernize. Option D (refactor) is correct but not a pattern name.

Answer

Refactor

Answer

Big bang migration

Answer

Rehost (lift and shift)

Question 17

A company wants to migrate a legacy .NET application to AWS. The application uses Windows authentication and requires a shared file system. Which TWO AWS services should the company use to modernize this application? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. Options B and D are correct. AWS Elastic Beanstalk supports .NET and provides managed environment. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server provides SMB file shares. Option A (Lambda) does not support .NET Framework natively. Option C (EBS) is not shared. Option E (S3) is not a file system.

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

Amazon EBS

Answer

AWS Lambda

Question 18

A company is migrating a legacy mainframe application to AWS. The application uses a hierarchical database (IMS) and has complex batch processing jobs. The company wants to minimize changes to the application code. Which approach should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Rehost the application on AWS Mainframe Modernization using Blu Age. Option D is correct because rehosting on AWS Mainframe Modernization with Blu Age or Micro Focus allows minimal code changes. Option A is wrong because refactoring to microservices requires significant changes. Option B is wrong because replacing with SaaS changes the application. Option C is wrong because replatforming to RDS still requires changes.

Answer

Replace the application with a SaaS-based ERP system

Answer

Re-platform the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL

Answer

Refactor the application to use microservices on Amazon EKS

Question 19

A company is migrating a multi-tier web application to AWS. The application consists of a stateless web tier and a stateful application tier that uses sticky sessions. The company wants to reduce operational overhead and improve elasticity. Which architecture should the solutions architect recommend?

Accepted Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with sticky sessions for the web tier. Store session data in Amazon ElastiCache.. Using an Application Load Balancer (ALB) with sticky sessions (session affinity) enables the web tier to be stateless and scale horizontally. The application tier can use ElastiCache for session state storage, making it stateless as well. This reduces overhead and improves elasticity. NLB with EFS is not suitable for session state; ALB with DynamoDB is overkill; CloudFront does not support sticky sessions.

Answer

Use Amazon CloudFront with an origin load balancer and store session data in the web tier's local storage.

Answer

Use an Application Load Balancer with cross-zone load balancing and store session data in Amazon DynamoDB.

Answer

Use a Network Load Balancer with instance targets and Amazon EFS to share session data.

Question 20

A company is modernizing its application by migrating from a monolithic architecture to microservices on Amazon ECS Fargate. The application uses an on-premises Oracle database, which is being migrated to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL as part of the modernization. The team has refactored the application into several microservices, each with its own database schema in the same Aurora cluster. During load testing, the team notices that one microservice's heavy write operations cause increased latency for other microservices' read queries. The Aurora cluster uses a single writer and multiple readers. The team needs to isolate the write-heavy microservice without changing the application code. What should the solutions architect do?

Accepted Answer

Create a separate Aurora cluster for the write-heavy microservice and point the microservice to that cluster.. Using a separate Aurora cluster for the write-heavy microservice physically isolates the workload, preventing impact on other microservices. The application code points to different cluster endpoints. Using a larger instance might help but does not isolate; read replicas do not help with write contention; RDS Proxy is for connection pooling, not isolation.

Answer

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to manage database connections.

Answer

Configure Aurora read replicas to offload read queries from the writer.

Answer

Increase the instance size of the Aurora writer to handle the write load.