DVA-C02 Deployment Practice Test 19 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A developer attempted to create a CloudFormation stack. The stack creation failed and rolled back. Based on the exhibit, which resource caused the failure?

Accepted Answer

The EC2Instance resource. The error message indicates that EC2Instance failed to create, and that caused the WaitCondition to fail. Option A is correct because EC2Instance is listed as failed. Option B is incorrect because WaitCondition failed as a consequence. Option C is incorrect because the stack status is ROLLBACK_COMPLETE. Option D is incorrect because the rollback was automatic.

Answer

The WaitCondition resource

Answer

The user who requested the rollback

Answer

The stack itself

Question 2

A developer wants to deploy a static website to AWS. The website consists of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files. Which combination of services provides the most cost-effective and scalable solution?

Accepted Answer

Amazon S3 and Amazon CloudFront. Amazon S3 can host static websites, and CloudFront provides CDN for low latency and scalability. Option A is correct. Option B (EC2) is more expensive and requires management. Option C (Elastic Beanstalk) is overkill. Option D (Lightsail) is a VPS but not as scalable for static content.

Answer

Amazon Lightsail

Answer

Amazon EC2 and Application Load Balancer

Answer

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Question 3

Which TWO approaches can a developer use to automate the deployment of a microservices application to Amazon ECS with Fargate, ensuring that each microservice is independently deployable and can scale based on demand?

Accepted Answer

Define each microservice as a separate ECS service with its own task definition. Using separate ECS services (A) and a CI/CD pipeline per microservice (B) ensures independent deployment and scaling. Option C (monolithic pipeline) defeats independence. Option D (single task definition) couples services. Option E (single service) does not allow independent scaling.

Answer

Define all microservices in a single task definition and run them as one service

Answer

Use a single ECS service with multiple containers per task definition

Answer

Use a single CodePipeline that builds all microservices together

Question 4

The developer tries to deploy this stack but receives an error: 'CREATE_FAILED: LambdaExecutionRole - Resource creation cancelled'. The Lambda function is not created. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The IAM user does not have permission to create IAM roles. The error 'Resource creation cancelled' often occurs when a dependent resource (the Lambda function) references a resource that hasn't been created yet. In this template, the Lambda function depends on the role (via !GetAtt), but the role creation might fail due to permissions. However, the error says the role itself had creation cancelled. The most likely cause is that the role creation was cancelled due to a dependency on a resource that doesn't exist. But in this case, the role has no dependencies. The error might be due to a missing permission to create the role. Option A is correct because the role creation fails due to missing iam:CreateRole permission. Option B (Lambda function error) would show a different error. Option C (S3 bucket) would affect the Lambda function, not the role. Option D (incorrect role name) would cause a different error.

Answer

The S3 bucket is in a different region

Answer

The Lambda function handler name is incorrect

Answer

The Lambda function code is missing from the S3 bucket

Question 5

A developer is deploying a new version of a Lambda function using the AWS CLI. The developer wants to shift 10% of traffic to the new version and then gradually increase to 100% over 10 minutes. Which CLI command should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

aws lambda update-alias --function-name my-function --name prod --function-version 2 --routing-config AdditionalVersionWeights={"1":0.9}. The update-function-code command deploys a new version. To shift traffic, the developer must use the update-alias command with a routing configuration. Option C is correct because it creates an alias with a routing config. Option A (create-function) creates a new function. Option B (invoke) invokes a function. Option D (publish-version) publishes a version but does not shift traffic.

Answer

aws lambda publish-version --function-name my-function

Answer

aws lambda create-function --function-name my-function --zip-file fileb://my-code.zip

Answer

aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function --payload '{}'

Question 6

A developer needs to deploy a containerized application on AWS. The application requires persistent storage that can be shared across multiple containers running on different EC2 instances. Which AWS service should the developer use?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS). Amazon EFS provides NFS-based file storage that can be mounted to multiple EC2 instances and ECS tasks. Option A is correct. Option B (EBS) is block storage attached to a single instance. Option C (S3) is object storage, not a filesystem. Option D (RDS) is a relational database.

Answer

Amazon S3

Answer

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

Answer

Amazon RDS

Question 7

Which THREE steps should a developer include in a CI/CD pipeline to deploy a serverless application using AWS SAM? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Run 'sam build' to prepare the application. A typical SAM CI/CD pipeline includes building the app (A), packaging and uploading to S3 (B), and deploying the CloudFormation stack (C). Option D (update alias) is not a standard step. Option E (configure API Gateway) is part of deployment.

Answer

Manually configure API Gateway stages

Answer

Run 'aws lambda update-alias' to shift traffic

Question 8

A developer performed a CodeDeploy deployment to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment status is Failed with code HEALTH_CONSTRAINTS. Based on the exhibit, what is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The minimum number of healthy instances required for the deployment was not met. The error 'HEALTH_CONSTRAINTS' means that too many instances failed health checks. The deployment overview shows 2 failed instances and 3 succeeded. The minimum healthy instances setting likely required more than 3 healthy instances. Option B is correct. Option A (incorrect application revision) would cause a different error. Option C (CodeDeploy agent) would show agent issues. Option D (permissions) would cause access denied errors.

Answer

The CodeDeploy agent on the instances is not running

Answer

The application revision contains invalid scripts

Answer

The IAM role for CodeDeploy does not have sufficient permissions

Question 9

A developer is deploying a serverless application using AWS SAM. The application includes an API Gateway endpoint and a Lambda function. The developer wants to ensure that the Lambda function can be invoked only by the API Gateway and not directly. Which configuration should be used?

Accepted Answer

Add a resource-based policy with 'aws:SourceArn' condition set to the API Gateway ARN.. Option B is correct because the resource-based policy statement with 'aws:SourceArn' condition restricts invocation to the specific API Gateway ARN. Option A is wrong because 'aws:SourceAccount' alone does not restrict to API Gateway. Option C is wrong because VPC endpoint policies control access to the VPC endpoint, not Lambda invocation. Option D is wrong because Lambda resource policies cannot use 'aws:SourceVpce'.

Answer

Configure a VPC endpoint policy that allows only API Gateway.

Answer

Add a resource-based policy with 'aws:SourceAccount' condition.

Answer

Add a resource-based policy with 'aws:SourceVpce' condition set to the API Gateway VPC endpoint ID.

Question 10

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy a web application to an Auto Scaling group. The deployment fails with the error: 'The overall deployment failed because too many individual instances failed deployment, too few healthy instances are available, or some instances in your deployment group are experiencing problems.' The application is deployed to a t2.micro instance with 1 GB of RAM. The deployment uses an in-place update with a deployment configuration that has a minimum of 1 healthy host. What is the most likely cause of the failure?

Accepted Answer

The application uses too much memory, causing the instance to become unhealthy during deployment.. Option B is correct because the t2.micro instance has limited memory, and the application may cause out-of-memory errors during deployment. Option A is wrong because CodeDeploy agent timeout is typically 30 minutes, but the error mentions 'too few healthy instances', not timeout. Option C is wrong because IAM role permissions would cause a different error. Option D is wrong because insufficient disk space is less likely given the instance type has 8 GB EBS.

Answer

The instance does not have enough disk space to download the application revision.

Answer

The CodeDeploy agent timed out because the deployment took longer than 30 minutes.

Answer

The IAM role for the CodeDeploy agent does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the application.

Question 11

A developer is deploying a Lambda function using CloudFormation. The function code is stored in an S3 bucket. The developer wants to automatically update the function when the S3 object is updated. Which approach should be used?

Accepted Answer

Use the 'S3ObjectVersion' property in the Lambda function's 'Code' property to reference the specific version of the S3 object.. Option C is correct because setting the 'S3ObjectVersion' property in the CloudFormation template triggers a stack update when the object version changes. Option A is wrong because CloudFormation does not automatically detect S3 updates. Option B is wrong because 'DeletionPolicy' controls what happens on stack deletion, not updates. Option D is wrong because 'DependsOn' only sets dependencies, not triggers.

Answer

Set the 'DeletionPolicy' attribute to 'Retain' on the Lambda function resource.

Answer

Use an S3 event notification to invoke a Lambda function that updates the CloudFormation stack.

Answer

Set a 'DependsOn' attribute on the Lambda function to the S3 bucket.

Question 12

A company uses AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy a web application. The development team wants to deploy a new version of the application to a separate environment for testing before switching production traffic. Which deployment strategy should be used?

Accepted Answer

Blue/green deployment.. Option D is correct because blue/green deployment creates a separate environment (green) for testing and then swaps URLs to switch traffic. Option A is wrong because all-at-once updates the current environment. Option B is wrong because rolling updates update instances in batches in the same environment. Option C is wrong because immutable updates create a new Auto Scaling group in the same environment.

Answer

Immutable deployment.

Answer

All at once deployment.

Answer

Rolling deployment.

Question 13

A developer is using AWS CodeBuild to compile a Java application. The build project is configured with a 'buildspec.yml' file. The developer notices that the build succeeds on the local machine but fails in CodeBuild with the error: 'Error: Could not find or load main class com.example.App'. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

The buildspec.yml file does not include an 'install' phase to download dependencies.. Option B is correct because CodeBuild uses a clean environment; if the buildspec does not include the 'install' phase to download dependencies, the application will fail. Option A is wrong because Java is pre-installed in CodeBuild images. Option C is wrong because the error indicates a missing class, not a compile error. Option D is wrong because the 'artifacts' section only affects output, not execution.

Answer

The 'build' phase command is incorrect, causing compilation to fail.

Answer

The build environment does not have Java installed.

Answer

The 'artifacts' section in buildspec.yml is misconfigured.

Question 14

A company is using AWS CloudFormation to manage infrastructure. The developer wants to update a stack that includes an RDS database. The update requires replacing the database with a new one. Which stack update policy should the developer use to minimize downtime?

Accepted Answer

Use a 'Replacement with snapshot' update policy.. Option A is correct because 'Replacement with snapshot' creates a new DB instance from a snapshot of the old one, minimizing data loss and downtime. Option B is wrong because 'Update with snapshot' does not exist. Option C is wrong because 'Delete and recreate' would cause data loss. Option D is wrong because 'Rolling update' is not applicable to RDS.

Answer

Use a 'Rolling update' update policy.

Answer

Use a 'Delete and recreate' update policy.

Answer

Use an 'Update with snapshot' update policy.

Question 15

A developer is deploying a serverless application using the AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM). The developer wants to set environment variables for the Lambda function that are specific to the deployment stage (e.g., dev, prod). How should the developer accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

Use SAM parameters to pass stage-specific values into the template.. Option C is correct because SAM supports defining parameters with default values and then using them in the template. The developer can use the 'Parameters' section and pass different values for each stage. Option A is wrong because environment variables are not automatically injected by stage. Option B is wrong because hardcoding is not flexible. Option D is wrong because 'Conditions' are for resource creation, not variable values.

Answer

Define the environment variables in the Lambda function configuration and use 'Ref' with the stage name.

Answer

Hardcode the environment variables in the SAM template for each stage.

Answer

Use AWS CloudFormation 'Conditions' to set environment variables based on the stage.

DVA-C02 Deployment Practice Test 19 — 15 Questions

Exhibit

DVA-C02 Deployment Practice Test 19 — 15 Questions

Exhibit