DEA-C01 Data Store Management Practice Test 14 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company is using Amazon S3 as a data lake. The data engineer needs to ensure that all objects uploaded to a specific bucket are automatically replicated to a bucket in another AWS Region for disaster recovery. Which configuration should the engineer implement?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Enable S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) on the source bucket.. S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) is the correct choice because it automatically replicates objects from a source bucket in one AWS Region to a destination bucket in a different AWS Region, meeting the disaster recovery requirement for geographic separation. CRR requires versioning to be enabled on both buckets and replicates new objects asynchronously after upload.

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Enable S3 Same-Region Replication (SRR) on the source bucket.

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Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to copy objects to the destination.

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Use S3 Batch Operations to copy existing objects.

Question 2

A company is using Amazon DynamoDB for a gaming application with high read and write throughput. The data engineer notices that the read latency is high during peak hours. The table has a partition key only (no sort key). The engineer wants to improve read performance by distributing reads across partitions more evenly. Which action should the engineer take?

Accepted Answer

Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX).. DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) is an in-memory cache that reduces read latency from single-digit milliseconds to microseconds by caching frequently accessed items. Since the issue is high read latency during peak hours and the table has only a partition key, DAX offloads reads from the underlying table, distributing the read load and improving response times without changing the table's key structure.

Answer

Increase the read capacity units of the table.

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Add a sort key to the table.

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Enable DynamoDB global tables.

Question 3

A data engineer needs to store and analyze time-series data from IoT devices. The data volume is 10 GB per day, and the queries are mostly on the most recent 7 days of data. The engineer wants to minimize storage costs while retaining historical data for 1 year. Which combination of AWS services is most cost-effective?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Timestream. Amazon Timestream is purpose-built for time-series data, offering automatic tiering between in-memory (for recent 7 days) and magnetic stores (for historical data up to 1 year). This matches the query pattern (mostly recent 7 days) and retention requirement (1 year) while minimizing storage costs through its serverless, pay-per-query model. Timestream also supports time-series-specific functions like interpolation and smoothing, making it more efficient than general-purpose databases for this workload.

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Amazon DynamoDB with TTL and S3 for archival

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Amazon Redshift

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Amazon RDS with MySQL

Question 4

A company is using Amazon EMR to process large datasets stored in Amazon S3. The data engineer wants to reduce the time it takes to read data from S3 by optimizing the data format. Which file format should the engineer recommend?

Accepted Answer

Parquet. Parquet is the correct choice because it is a columnar storage format that significantly reduces the amount of data read from Amazon S3 during analytical queries. By storing data column-wise, Parquet enables predicate pushdown and compression, which minimizes I/O and speeds up data processing in Amazon EMR, especially for large datasets.

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CSV

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ORC

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JSON

Question 5

A company is using Amazon Redshift for data warehousing. The data engineer notices that the STL_ALERT_EVENT_LOG table shows many 'missing statistics' alerts. What is the best course of action to address this issue?

Accepted Answer

Run ANALYZE on the tables.. The STL_ALERT_EVENT_LOG table records alerts about query performance issues, including 'missing statistics' alerts. This indicates that the query optimizer lacks up-to-date table statistics, leading to suboptimal query plans. Running the ANALYZE command updates table statistics, enabling the optimizer to generate efficient execution plans. Therefore, option D is the correct course of action.

Answer

Increase the WLM concurrency slots.

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Run VACUUM on the tables.

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Enable compression on the tables.

Question 6

Which TWO options are valid ways to encrypt data at rest in Amazon S3? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Server-Side Encryption with S3-Managed Keys (SSE-S3). Server-Side Encryption with S3-Managed Keys (SSE-S3) is a valid method for encrypting data at rest in Amazon S3 because it uses AES-256 encryption to automatically encrypt objects when they are written to S3 and decrypt them when accessed, with the encryption keys managed entirely by AWS. This option is correct as it directly addresses data at rest encryption within S3, requiring no client-side effort beyond setting the `x-amz-server-side-encryption` header to `AES256`.

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Client-Side Encryption

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SSL/TLS Encryption

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IAM Policy Encryption

Question 7

Which THREE of the following are benefits of using Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)? (Choose three.)

Accepted Answer

Offloads read traffic from the DynamoDB table.. DAX acts as a read-through cache that offloads read traffic from the DynamoDB table, reducing the number of read requests that hit the underlying table and thus lowering the consumed read capacity units (RCUs). This allows the table to handle more concurrent reads without scaling up provisioned capacity.

Answer

Improves write throughput by batching writes.

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Supports write-through caching to improve write performance.

Question 8

Which TWO actions can help improve query performance in Amazon Redshift? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use appropriate sort keys for tables.. Defining appropriate sort keys in Amazon Redshift enables the query optimizer to use zone maps to skip irrelevant data blocks during table scans, significantly reducing the amount of data read from disk. Sort keys also improve the effectiveness of merge joins and the performance of range-restricted queries by physically co-locating rows with similar sort key values on disk.

Answer

Disable SSL encryption for connections.

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Use VARCHAR instead of CHAR for fixed-length strings.

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Increase the number of nodes in the cluster.

Question 9

An IAM policy is attached to a user who tries to upload an object to the S3 bucket example-bucket using the AWS CLI without specifying the --server-side-encryption flag. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

The upload fails with an AccessDenied error.. The IAM policy denies s3:PutObject unless the request includes the `x-amz-server-side-encryption` header with a value of `AES256`. Since the user did not specify `--server-side-encryption` in the AWS CLI command, the request lacks this required header, causing S3 to evaluate the policy and return an AccessDenied error. The upload fails before any default encryption setting on the bucket is applied.

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The upload succeeds and the object is encrypted with SSE-S3 by default.

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The upload fails because the user does not have permission to use KMS.

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The upload succeeds because the policy allows s3:PutObject.

Question 10

A company runs a real-time analytics platform on Amazon ECS that ingests streaming data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams, processes it, and stores results in Amazon DynamoDB. The data volume spikes unpredictably, causing DynamoDB to throttle write requests. The application uses on-demand capacity mode. The data engineer notices that the throttling occurs on a specific partition due to a hot key. The hot key is a customer ID that receives a disproportionate number of writes. The application cannot change the partition key design immediately. The engineer needs to reduce throttling while maintaining low latency. Which solution is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Implement a write buffer using Amazon SQS, and have consumers write to DynamoDB at a controlled rate.. Buffering writes through Amazon SQS decouples the ingestion rate from DynamoDB's capacity, allowing consumers to write at a controlled pace. This directly mitigates throttling on the hot key without requiring a partition key redesign, and SQS provides low-latency, durable buffering suitable for real-time analytics.

Answer

Switch to provisioned capacity with auto scaling and increase the write capacity units.

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Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache the hot key writes.

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Use DynamoDB Streams to trigger a Lambda function that retries throttled writes.

Question 11

A data engineer is responsible for a data warehouse on Amazon Redshift that stores 5 TB of data. The engineer needs to load 50 GB of new data daily from Amazon S3 into Redshift. The current load process uses the COPY command and takes 2 hours, which is within the maintenance window. However, the engineer wants to optimize the load time and reduce the impact on concurrent queries. The engineer notices that the tables are not distributed evenly across the slices. The cluster has 4 nodes of dc2.large. Which approach will best improve load performance?

Accepted Answer

Change the distribution style of the tables to EVEN.. The COPY command distributes data across slices based on the table's distribution style. With dc2.large nodes, each node has 2 slices, so a 4-node cluster has 8 slices. If tables are not distributed evenly, some slices handle more data, causing bottlenecks. Changing the distribution style to EVEN forces rows to be spread uniformly across all slices, maximizing parallelism during the COPY load and reducing load time.

Answer

Increase the cluster size to 8 nodes.

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Use GZIP compression on the S3 files.

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Add sort keys to the tables based on the load timestamp.

Question 12

A company is using Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ deployment. The database experiences intermittent slowdowns during peak hours. The company's DevOps team suspects that the primary instance is overwhelmed. Which action should the team take to distribute the read load without changing the application code?

Accepted Answer

Create a read replica and modify the connection string to point to the replica for read queries.. Creating a read replica and modifying the connection string to point to the replica for read queries (Option B) offloads read traffic from the primary RDS instance without requiring application code changes. This directly addresses the intermittent slowdowns during peak hours by distributing the read load, leveraging MySQL’s native replication to keep the replica synchronized. The key constraint is 'without changing the application code,' which is satisfied by simply updating the connection string in the application configuration.

Answer

Increase the instance size of the RDS instance.

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Enable Multi-AZ on the existing instance.

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Configure DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in front of the RDS instance.

Question 13

A data engineer is designing a data lake on Amazon S3. The data is ingested from multiple sources and stored in a partitioned structure under the 'landing' prefix. The engineer needs to ensure that only authorized applications can write to the 'landing' zone, while all AWS accounts in the organization can read the data. Which combination of S3 bucket policies and IAM policies should be used?

Accepted Answer

Create a bucket policy with a Deny for all principals except the authorized IAM roles on the 'landing' prefix. Add a separate statement allowing read access to the organization.. It uses a bucket policy with an explicit Deny on the 'landing' prefix for all principals except the authorized IAM roles, ensuring only those roles can write. A separate Allow statement grants read access to the entire organization (e.g., via the `aws:PrincipalOrgID` condition key), which satisfies the requirement that all AWS accounts in the organization can read the data. This approach leverages S3 bucket policies for cross-account access control without relying on ACLs or IAM policies alone.

Answer

Use bucket ACLs to grant write access to the authorized IAM roles and read access to all authenticated users.

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Use S3 Object Ownership to enforce bucket owner enforced. Grant write access via IAM roles.

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Create an IAM policy that allows s3:PutObject only for the 'landing' prefix and attach it to the authorized roles. Allow read access via an S3 Access Point.

Question 14

A company uses Amazon DynamoDB as its primary data store for a web application. The application experiences high latency during peak hours. The data engineer notices that the table has a large number of items with the same partition key. Which DynamoDB feature should the engineer use to improve performance?

Accepted Answer

Redesign the partition key to use a composite key that includes a timestamp or random suffix.. The high latency is caused by a hot partition, where many items share the same partition key, overwhelming a single DynamoDB partition. Redesigning the partition key to include a timestamp or random suffix distributes the workload evenly across partitions, improving throughput and reducing latency. This directly addresses the root cause of the performance issue.

Answer

Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache read requests.

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Create a global table to replicate data across multiple Regions.

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Enable auto scaling on the table to increase write capacity.

Question 15

A data engineer needs to store semi-structured JSON data that is accessed infrequently but must be retrievable within minutes. The data is generated by IoT devices and each object is about 500 KB. The engineer wants the most cost-effective storage solution. Which AWS service should be used?

Accepted Answer

Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA). Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) is the correct choice because it is designed for data that is accessed infrequently but requires rapid retrieval (within minutes). The 500 KB JSON objects from IoT devices fit the use case, and S3 Standard-IA offers lower storage costs than S3 Standard while maintaining the same low-latency retrieval performance, making it the most cost-effective option for this scenario.

Answer

Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive

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Amazon S3 Standard

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Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)