220-1101 Virtualization and Cloud Computing Practice Test 5 — 15 Questions

Question 1

A company hosts its web application on a public cloud IaaS platform. To ensure availability in case an entire cloud region fails, the company deploys identical infrastructure in two separate regions and configures a traffic management service that automatically routes all user traffic to the healthy region. The secondary region does not normally handle traffic. This architecture is an example of which of the following?

Choose an answer to begin — your selection is scored in the full session.

Accepted Answer

Active-passive failover. This architecture is an active-passive failover because the secondary region remains idle (passive) until a failure in the primary region triggers automatic traffic redirection via the traffic management service. The key characteristic is that only one region handles user traffic at a time, with the passive region standing by to take over, ensuring availability during a full cloud region outage.

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Active-active load balancing

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Disaster recovery as a service (DRaaS)

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High availability across availability zones

Question 2

A company wants to migrate its on-premises email system to the cloud. They require a solution where the cloud provider manages the email servers, software updates, security patches, and storage infrastructure, while the company retains control over user accounts, mailbox policies, and email content. Which cloud service model BEST fits these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Software as a Service (SaaS). Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers a complete, managed application to end users. In this scenario, the cloud provider handles all underlying infrastructure, including email servers, software updates, security patches, and storage, while the customer retains administrative control over user accounts, mailbox policies, and email content. This matches the definition of SaaS, where the provider manages the entire application stack and the customer only manages application-level settings.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 3

A small e-commerce company hosts its website on a public cloud IaaS platform. During a promotional sale, traffic increases dramatically. The cloud platform automatically provisions additional virtual machines within minutes to handle the load. The company only pays for the additional resources used during that time. Which essential cloud characteristic does this scenario BEST demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

Rapid elasticity. The scenario describes the cloud platform automatically provisioning additional virtual machines within minutes to handle a sudden traffic spike, and the company only paying for the extra resources used during that time. This directly demonstrates rapid elasticity, which is the ability to scale resources up or down automatically and quickly in response to demand. The key is the automatic scaling and the pay-per-use model for the additional capacity, which are hallmarks of elasticity in cloud computing.

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On-demand self-service

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Measured service

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Resource pooling

Question 4

A research organization requires a cloud environment that is exclusively used by their team and physically isolated from other organizations. They need complete control over the underlying infrastructure, including the ability to configure hypervisors and virtual switches. Which cloud deployment model should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Private cloud. A private cloud is the correct choice because it provides a dedicated, single-tenant environment that is physically isolated from other organizations. This model gives the research team complete control over the underlying infrastructure, including hypervisors and virtual switches, enabling custom configuration and management.

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Public cloud

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Community cloud

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Hybrid cloud

Question 5

A company uses a public IaaS provider to host a web application. To protect against DDoS attacks, they configure a security appliance that inspects incoming traffic before it reaches the web servers. This appliance runs on a separate virtual machine in the same cloud environment. Which of the following cloud security concepts does this scenario BEST describe?

Accepted Answer

Network virtual appliance. The scenario describes a security appliance running on a separate virtual machine that inspects incoming traffic before it reaches the web servers. This is the definition of a Network Virtual Appliance (NVA) — a virtual machine-based security device (e.g., virtual firewall, IDS/IPS) deployed in a public IaaS environment to filter or inspect traffic. Option C is correct because the appliance is explicitly a separate VM performing a dedicated network security function, which is the core characteristic of an NVA.

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Virtual private cloud (VPC)

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Security group

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Resource pooling

Question 6

A company decides to migrate its on-premises customer relationship management (CRM) software to the cloud. They want to avoid managing the underlying servers, operating systems, and runtime environments. They also want to focus only on configuring the CRM application to meet their business needs. Which cloud service model should they choose?

Accepted Answer

Software as a Service (SaaS). (SaaS) is correct because the company wants to avoid managing servers, operating systems, and runtime environments, and only configure the CRM application. SaaS delivers a fully managed application over the internet, where the provider handles all underlying infrastructure, platform, and software maintenance, aligning perfectly with the requirement to focus solely on business configuration.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 7

A company wants to migrate its custom web application to the cloud. The development team needs full administrative access to the operating system, the ability to install custom middleware, and control over security configurations. They want to avoid managing the physical servers, hypervisors, and data center infrastructure. Which cloud service model should the company choose?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, giving the development team full administrative access to the operating system, the ability to install custom middleware, and control over security configurations. The cloud provider manages the physical servers, hypervisors, and data center infrastructure, while the customer retains control over the OS, storage, and deployed applications. This matches the requirement for full OS-level access without managing the underlying hardware.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 8

A small business wants to migrate its on-premises database to the cloud. The business wants to avoid managing the operating system and database software, but needs full control over the database schema, queries, and data. They want the cloud provider to handle patching, backup, and replication of the database engine. Which cloud service model best meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Platform as a Service (PaaS). Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides a managed database environment where the cloud provider handles the underlying OS, database engine patching, backups, and replication, while the customer retains full control over the database schema, queries, and data. This aligns with the requirement to avoid managing the OS and database software but still needing schema-level control.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 9

A company runs multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. The hypervisor is installed directly on the server hardware and does not require an underlying operating system. This configuration is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 hypervisor. A Type 1 hypervisor, also known as a bare-metal hypervisor, runs directly on the physical hardware without requiring an underlying operating system. This configuration is used in enterprise data centers to host multiple virtual machines efficiently, as the hypervisor has direct access to hardware resources like CPU, memory, and I/O, minimizing overhead.

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Type 2 hypervisor

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Infrastructure as a Service

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Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

Question 10

A healthcare organization must store electronic health records in a cloud environment that meets HIPAA compliance requirements. The organization wants to keep sensitive patient data on-premises servers while using cloud resources for less critical workloads and to handle peak demand. Which cloud deployment model would BEST meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid cloud. A hybrid cloud model combines on-premises infrastructure (private cloud) with public cloud resources, allowing the healthcare organization to keep sensitive patient data on-premises for HIPAA compliance while using the public cloud for less critical workloads and to handle peak demand. This architecture provides the necessary data sovereignty and security controls for protected health information (PHI) while offering scalability and cost efficiency for non-sensitive tasks.

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Public cloud

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Private cloud

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Community cloud

Question 11

A cloud provider tracks a customer's usage of storage, processing power, and network bandwidth on a per-hour basis. At the end of the month, the customer receives a bill that exactly matches the resources consumed. Which essential cloud characteristic does this scenario BEST illustrate?

Accepted Answer

C. Measured service. The scenario describes a cloud provider tracking resource usage (storage, processing power, network bandwidth) per hour and billing exactly for what was consumed. This directly illustrates the 'Measured service' characteristic, where cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). The pay-per-use billing model is a direct outcome of this measured service.

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A. Rapid elasticity

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B. On-demand self-service

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D. Resource pooling

Question 12

A company currently hosts its own on-premises email server. To reduce hardware maintenance overhead, they decide to move the email server to the cloud. They require the ability to install and manage their own email application (e.g., Microsoft Exchange), including the underlying operating system, while the cloud provider is responsible for the physical infrastructure and virtualization layer. Which cloud service model best meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including virtual machines with full control over the operating system and applications. This model allows the company to install and manage their own email application (e.g., Microsoft Exchange) and the underlying OS, while the cloud provider handles the physical hardware and virtualization layer. The requirement to manage the OS and application rules out PaaS and SaaS, which abstract away that control.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 13

A company wants to migrate its customer relationship management (CRM) application to the cloud. The CRM requires a specific version of Windows Server and custom software that the IT team needs to install and manage. The company wants to minimize hardware costs but retain full control over the operating system and applications. Which cloud service model is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including virtual machines with full control over the operating system and installed software. This model allows the company to run a specific version of Windows Server and custom CRM software while minimizing hardware costs through shared infrastructure.

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 14

A company wants to migrate its internal web application to the cloud to reduce hardware maintenance costs and improve scalability. The IT team needs full control over the operating system and application software, but they want the cloud provider to manage the physical servers and virtualization layer. Which cloud service model best meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, giving the IT team full control over the operating system, applications, and middleware while the cloud provider manages the physical hardware and hypervisor layer. This matches the requirement for reduced hardware maintenance and scalability without sacrificing OS-level control.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Desktop as a Service (DaaS)

Question 15

A company runs a critical database server on a virtual machine hosted on a Type 1 hypervisor. The requirement is that the database server must remain operational and accessible even if the underlying physical host experiences a hardware failure. Which of the following virtualization features should be implemented to achieve this goal?

Accepted Answer

Fault tolerance. Fault tolerance (B) is correct because it creates a secondary, shadow virtual machine that runs in lockstep with the primary VM. If the physical host fails, the secondary VM takes over instantly with no data loss or downtime, ensuring the database server remains operational.

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Live migration

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Load balancing

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Snapshot