Quick Answer
The answer is `nslookup` and `host`. These two commands are correct because they both query DNS servers directly to perform forward resolution, translating a hostname into its corresponding IP address via A or AAAA records. On the Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator LFCS exam, this topic tests your understanding of basic network troubleshooting and DNS utilities, often appearing in performance-based scenarios where you must verify connectivity or diagnose name resolution failures. A common trap is confusing `ping` or `getent` with dedicated DNS tools—`ping` resolves names incidentally but is not a dedicated lookup command, while `getent` uses system databases beyond DNS. Remember the mnemonic “N and H, DNS to the letter” to recall that `nslookup` and `host` are the two dedicated hostname-to-IP resolution commands in Linux.
This LFCS practice question tests your understanding of networking. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which TWO commands can be used to resolve a hostname to an IP address?
host
This is a DNS lookup utility.
traceroute
Why wrong: This traces the network path, not primarily for DNS resolution.
ping
Why wrong: Ping does DNS resolution but is not primarily for that purpose.
nslookup
This is a DNS lookup utility.
ifconfig
Why wrong: This shows network interfaces, not DNS resolution.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
host
The `host` command is a simple DNS lookup utility that queries DNS servers to resolve a hostname to an IP address. It directly performs forward DNS resolution using the system's configured resolvers and returns the A or AAAA record for the given name.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
host
Why this is correct
This is a DNS lookup utility.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
traceroute
Why it's wrong here
This traces the network path, not primarily for DNS resolution.
ping
Why it's wrong here
Ping does DNS resolution but is not primarily for that purpose.
nslookup
Why this is correct
This is a DNS lookup utility.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
ifconfig
Why it's wrong here
This shows network interfaces, not DNS resolution.
Common exam traps
The trap here is that candidates often think `ping` is a valid name resolution tool because it can accept a hostname and display the resolved IP in its output, but `ping` relies on the system resolver and does not perform its own DNS query—it only displays the IP after the system has already resolved it, making it a connectivity test, not a resolution command.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
This shows network interfaces, not DNS resolution.
Detailed technical explanation
Both `host` and `nslookup` query DNS servers directly, bypassing the local system's resolver cache and /etc/hosts file by default, which makes them reliable for testing actual DNS server responses. `host` uses the resolver library internally but can be pointed to a specific DNS server with the `-s` option, while `nslookup` has an interactive mode that allows querying different record types (A, AAAA, MX, etc.) and DNS servers. In real-world troubleshooting, these tools are essential for verifying DNS propagation and diagnosing resolution failures that `ping` or `traceroute` might mask by using cached results.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A junior network technician can log in to a core router but cannot reach the enable prompt or configuration mode. The AAA server is authenticating the login — but the authorisation policy only grants privilege level 1, not 15. Authentication (who you are) is working; authorisation (what you can do) is not.
What to study next
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FAQ
Networking — This question tests Networking — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: host — The `host` command is a simple DNS lookup utility that queries DNS servers to resolve a hostname to an IP address. It directly performs forward DNS resolution using the system's configured resolvers and returns the A or AAAA record for the given name.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This LFCS practice question is part of Courseiva's free Linux Foundation certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the LFCS exam.
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