Question 136 of 506
Serving and scaling modelsmediumMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The answer is to enable autoscaling with a minimum number of replicas and to use GPU machine types for the deployment. This combination directly addresses cost performance optimization for Vertex AI prediction with large models because GPUs provide the parallel compute power needed to reduce inference latency, while autoscaling ensures you only pay for the resources you actually use during demand spikes, avoiding over-provisioning. On the Google Professional Machine Learning Engineer exam, this scenario tests your understanding of balancing serving efficiency with cost control—a common trap is choosing only one action, such as scaling without hardware acceleration, which fails to optimize performance. Remember the pairing: GPUs handle the heavy lifting, and autoscaling handles the wallet. A useful memory tip is “GPU for speed, scale for need.”

PMLE Serving and scaling models Practice Question

This PMLE practice question tests your understanding of serving and scaling models. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A data science team has trained a large deep learning model using Vertex AI Workbench. They want to deploy it to Vertex AI Prediction for online serving. The model is stored in a custom container with a Python-based web server. Which TWO actions should the team take to ensure optimal performance and cost?

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Request GPU machine types for the prediction nodes.

B is correct because deep learning models, especially large ones, benefit significantly from GPU acceleration for online inference due to their parallel processing capabilities. Vertex AI Prediction supports GPU machine types, and using them reduces latency and improves throughput for compute-intensive model serving, which is critical for optimal performance.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Configure the model to use a larger batch size for inference.

    Why it's wrong here

    Batch size is a model-level optimization, not a deployment configuration on Vertex AI Prediction.

  • Request GPU machine types for the prediction nodes.

    Why this is correct

    Deep learning models typically require GPUs for low-latency inference.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • Set the container's health check path to '/predict'.

    Why it's wrong here

    The health check path should be a lightweight endpoint like '/health', not the prediction endpoint.

  • Use a global load balancer to distribute traffic across regions.

    Why it's wrong here

    A regional endpoint is preferred for lower latency; a global load balancer doesn't directly affect vCPU usage.

  • Enable autoscaling with a minimum number of replicas.

    Why this is correct

    Autoscaling adjusts the number of replicas based on traffic, reducing cost during low demand.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

Google Cloud often tests the misconception that health check endpoints should be the same as the prediction endpoint, but in practice, health checks must be lightweight and separate to avoid false positives and resource exhaustion.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Vertex AI Prediction uses container-based serving where the model runs as a web server (e.g., using FastAPI or Flask). GPU acceleration is essential for large deep learning models because matrix operations are highly parallelizable; without GPUs, CPU-based inference can become a bottleneck, especially for models with billions of parameters. Autoscaling (option E) is also critical to handle variable traffic patterns: it dynamically adjusts the number of replicas based on CPU/GPU utilization or request count, minimizing cost during low traffic while ensuring responsiveness during spikes.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A startup's cloud architect reviews their monthly bill and notices costs are higher than expected for a long-running batch job. Switching from on-demand instances to Reserved Instances — or using Spot/Preemptible VMs — can reduce compute costs by up to 72 %. Questions like this test whether you understand the tradeoffs between commitment, flexibility, and cost across cloud pricing models.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this PMLE question test?

Serving and scaling models — This question tests Serving and scaling models — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Request GPU machine types for the prediction nodes. — B is correct because deep learning models, especially large ones, benefit significantly from GPU acceleration for online inference due to their parallel processing capabilities. Vertex AI Prediction supports GPU machine types, and using them reduces latency and improves throughput for compute-intensive model serving, which is critical for optimal performance.

What should I do if I get this PMLE question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Same concept, more angles

1 more ways this is tested on PMLE

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. A data science team deploys a PyTorch model using Vertex AI Prediction. The model requires GPU for inference, but they notice high costs and underutilized GPUs during off-peak hours. What is the most cost-effective solution?

medium
  • A.Move the model to Cloud Functions
  • B.Use a GPU instance with a fixed number of replicas
  • C.Use a GPU instance with min replicas=0 and autoscaling
  • D.Switch to a CPU-only machine type

Why C: Option C is correct because setting min replicas to 0 allows Vertex AI Prediction to scale down to zero instances during off-peak hours, eliminating GPU costs when no requests are being served. Combined with autoscaling, the deployment will spin up GPU-backed instances on demand only when traffic arrives, directly addressing the underutilization issue while maintaining low latency for inference requests.

Last reviewed: Jun 30, 2026

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This PMLE practice question is part of Courseiva's free Google Cloud certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the PMLE exam.