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Question 253 of 500

Integrating Google Cloud services →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct answer is that the service account has more permissions than necessary because objectAdmin includes all objectViewer permissions. This violates the principle of least privilege by creating a redundant role assignment, as granting a role that is a superset of another makes the narrower role unnecessary and indicates excessive permissions. On the Google Professional Cloud Developer exam, this scenario tests your understanding of IAM role hierarchy and how inherited permissions can lead to over-permissioning when roles are not carefully scoped. A common trap is mistaking redundancy for a conflict or syntax error, but the issue is purely about permission overlap. Remember the memory tip: if a role contains another, the smaller role is always redundant—think of it as a matryoshka doll where the outer shell already holds everything inside.

PCD Integrating Google Cloud services Practice Question

This PCD practice question tests your understanding of integrating google cloud services. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

```json
{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectAdmin",
      "members": ["serviceAccount:sa-1@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"]
    },
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer",
      "members": ["serviceAccount:sa-1@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"]
    }
  ]
}
```

A security audit reveals that a service account has been granted excessive permissions. The exhibit shows the IAM policy for a project. Which statement best describes the security issue?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

Clue: "best"
Why it matters: Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

```json
{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectAdmin",
      "members": ["serviceAccount:sa-1@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"]
    },
    {
      "role": "roles/storage.objectViewer",
      "members": ["serviceAccount:sa-1@project.iam.gserviceaccount.com"]
    }
  ]
}
```

A
The policy is missing an explicit deny for public access.
Why wrong: There is no public access issue.
B
The service account has more permissions than necessary because objectAdmin includes all objectViewer permissions.
The viewer role is redundant and indicates excessive permissions.
C
The service account should have roles/storage.admin instead.
Why wrong: That would be even more permissive.
D
The service account has both admin and viewer roles, causing a conflict.
Why wrong: Roles are additive, not conflicting.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

The service account has more permissions than necessary because objectAdmin includes all objectViewer permissions.

Option C is correct because the objectAdmin role includes all permissions of objectViewer, making the viewer role redundant and indicating over-permissioning. Option A is wrong because there is no conflict. Option B is wrong because the policy is syntactically correct. Option D is wrong because storage.admin would be even more permissive.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
The policy is missing an explicit deny for public access.
Why it's wrong here
There is no public access issue.
✓
The service account has more permissions than necessary because objectAdmin includes all objectViewer permissions.
Why this is correct
The viewer role is redundant and indicates excessive permissions.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "best" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
✗
The service account should have roles/storage.admin instead.
Why it's wrong here
That would be even more permissive.
✗
The service account has both admin and viewer roles, causing a conflict.
Why it's wrong here
Roles are additive, not conflicting.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Standard ACLs match source addresses.
Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
The first matching ACL entry is used.
There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

Check inbound versus outbound direction.
Read the ACL from top to bottom.
Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related PCD ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this PCD question test?

Integrating Google Cloud services — This question tests Integrating Google Cloud services — Standard ACLs match source addresses..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: The service account has more permissions than necessary because objectAdmin includes all objectViewer permissions. — Option C is correct because the objectAdmin role includes all permissions of objectViewer, making the viewer role redundant and indicating over-permissioning. Option A is wrong because there is no conflict. Option B is wrong because the policy is syntactically correct. Option D is wrong because storage.admin would be even more permissive.

What should I do if I get this PCD question wrong?

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "best". Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026

Question Discussion

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