CCNA Management and Operations Questions

12 of 312 questions · Page 5/5 · Management and Operations · Answers revealed

301
MCQeasy

A company has an Amazon DynamoDB table that stores session data for a web application. The table's read capacity units (RCUs) are consistently near 100% utilization during peak hours, causing throttling. The application can tolerate eventually consistent reads. Which action should the application team take to reduce throttling?

A.Decrease the provisioned RCUs for the table.
B.Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache the session data.
C.Change the read consistency to eventually consistent.
D.Increase the provisioned RCUs for the table.
AnswerC

Eventually consistent reads use half the RCUs of strongly consistent reads, allowing more read operations without increasing capacity.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because using eventually consistent reads consumes only half the RCUs compared to strongly consistent reads, effectively doubling the read capacity. Option B is wrong because DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) is an in-memory cache that can reduce read load but does not directly address the RCU consumption for reads that still hit the table. Option C is wrong because increasing RCUs would solve throttling but increase costs unnecessarily if eventually consistent reads suffice.

Option D is wrong because decreasing RCUs would worsen throttling.

302
MCQmedium

A company is using Amazon ElastiCache for Redis to cache database query results. They notice that the cache hit ratio is low and many requests are hitting the database. The 'Evictions' metric is high. What is the MOST likely cause?

A.The replication factor is insufficient.
B.Encryption in transit is enabled.
C.The application is experiencing high network latency.
D.The cache node is too small for the workload.
AnswerD

A small cache leads to frequent evictions, reducing the cache hit ratio.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because high evictions indicate the cache is full, leading to item removal and low hit ratio. Option B is wrong because high latency does not directly cause evictions. Option C is wrong because insufficient replication factor does not cause evictions.

Option D is wrong because encryption in transit does not affect cache performance.

303
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. An application on an EC2 instance is trying to read an object from the S3 bucket 'data-lake-prod'. The instance is in a VPC with an IP address of 10.0.1.5. The application receives an Access Denied error. What is the cause?

A.An SCP is denying S3 access to the account.
B.A Deny statement with a source IP condition is blocking access.
C.The S3 bucket policy requires a specific VPC endpoint.
D.The IAM role does not have permission to read from the bucket.
AnswerB

The Deny with condition matches the IP and overrides the Allow.

Why this answer

Option B is correct. The Deny statement applies to the source IP 10.0.1.5 (within 10.0.0.0/8), overriding the Allow. Option A is wrong because the IAM role does allow s3:GetObject on the bucket.

Option C is wrong because there is no explicit condition on the Allow statement. Option D is wrong because the policy is attached to the role, not an SCP.

304
MCQmedium

Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator is writing an IAM policy to manage Amazon RDS snapshots. The policy allows actions on all RDS resources but denies deletion of any DB instance with the prefix 'production-'. A developer attempts to delete a snapshot named 'production-snapshot-2020'. Will this action be allowed?

A.Yes, but only if the developer has the necessary permissions.
B.No, because the Deny statement overrides the Allow statement.
C.Yes, because the Deny statement only applies to deleting DB instances, not snapshots.
D.No, because the snapshot name starts with 'production-', which matches the resource pattern in the Deny statement.
AnswerC

The Deny is specific to 'rds:DeleteDBInstance', so snapshot deletion is allowed.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because the 'Deny' statement only applies to the 'rds:DeleteDBInstance' action, not to 'rds:DeleteDBSnapshot'. The 'Allow' statement explicitly allows 'rds:DeleteDBSnapshot' on all resources. Since there is no explicit deny for deleting snapshots, the allow takes effect.

Option A is incorrect because the deny only applies to deleting instances, not snapshots. Option C is incorrect because the policy does not deny snapshot deletion. Option D is incorrect because the developer is allowed to delete snapshots.

305
MCQeasy

A company is running an Amazon Aurora MySQL-compatible edition DB cluster. The application reports that a recent schema change caused a significant increase in the number of deadlocks. Which parameter should the DBA check and possibly adjust to reduce deadlocks?

A.innodb_lock_wait_timeout
B.autocommit
C.max_connections
D.transaction_isolation
AnswerA

This timeout affects how long transactions wait for locks, influencing deadlock handling.

Why this answer

Option C is correct. The innodb_lock_wait_timeout controls how long a transaction waits for a lock before rolling back. Reducing it can help avoid long waits, but deadlocks are often resolved by MySQL automatically; adjusting this parameter may not directly reduce deadlocks but can help.

Actually, for deadlocks, the best practice is to examine the application logic. However, among the options, innodb_lock_wait_timeout is relevant. Option A is wrong because transaction isolation level affects concurrency but not deadlocks directly.

Option B is wrong because max_connections is about connection count. Option D is wrong because autocommit affects transaction behavior.

306
MCQmedium

A company is using Amazon DynamoDB with global tables. The company wants to monitor replication latency between regions. Which CloudWatch metric should the company use?

A.GlobalTableReplicationLag
B.ReplicaLag
C.WriteThrottleEvents
D.ReplicationLatency
AnswerD

This metric tracks replication lag.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because ReplicationLatency is the metric for global tables. Option B is incorrect for this purpose. Option C is incorrect because it is a custom metric.

Option D is incorrect because it is for RDS.

307
MCQeasy

A database administrator needs to monitor the number of connections to an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. Which Amazon CloudWatch metric should be used?

A.NetworkThroughput
B.DatabaseConnections
C.ConnectionAttempts
D.ActiveTransactions
AnswerB

DatabaseConnections is the correct metric for monitoring the number of connections.

Why this answer

The DatabaseConnections metric in CloudWatch shows the number of current connections to the DB instance.

308
MCQmedium

The exhibit shows the output of an AWS CLI command for an Amazon RDS DB instance. Based on the output, what is the current configuration of the DB instance?

A.It is an Amazon Aurora MySQL-Compatible DB cluster.
B.It is a MySQL DB instance that is currently in a failed state.
C.It is a Multi-AZ DB instance with a standby in a different AZ.
D.It is a Single-AZ MySQL DB instance.
AnswerD

MultiAZ is false and SecondaryAvailabilityZone is null, confirming Single-AZ.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because MultiAZ is false and SecondaryAvailabilityZone is null, indicating it is not a Multi-AZ deployment. Option A is wrong because the Engine is mysql, not aurora. Option C is wrong because it is not Multi-AZ.

Option D is wrong because the instance is available, not in a failed state.

309
MCQmedium

A company uses Amazon DynamoDB for a real-time analytics application. The table is provisioned with 1000 RCU and 500 WCU. Recently, the application experienced throttling on reads during a marketing campaign. The 'ConsumedReadCapacityUnits' metric shows spikes up to 2000 RCU. The 'ReadThrottleEvents' metric is high. The table has a global secondary index (GSI) that is also throttled. The application uses eventually consistent reads. The team wants to minimize costs while preventing throttling. The campaign traffic is predictable and occurs for 2 hours each day. What should the team do?

A.Increase the provisioned RCU to 2000 permanently.
B.Implement DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache reads.
C.Enable auto scaling with a scheduled scaling action to increase RCU during the campaign.
D.Switch the table to on-demand capacity mode.
AnswerC

Auto scaling adjusts capacity automatically, and scheduled scaling ensures capacity is ready for the campaign, minimizing cost.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because DynamoDB auto scaling can adjust capacity based on load, and because the traffic is predictable, scheduled scaling can be used to increase capacity during the campaign and reduce costs otherwise. Option A is wrong because on-demand is more expensive for predictable workloads. Option B is wrong because increasing RCU manually may lead to overprovisioning.

Option D is wrong because DAX does not reduce read capacity consumption; it caches reads but still counts against RCU if not cached.

310
MCQeasy

A database administrator needs to automate the backup process for an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The backups must be retained for 30 days and should be taken daily. Which AWS service should be used to implement this automation?

A.Amazon S3 lifecycle policies
B.AWS Backup
C.AWS Lambda with custom scripts
D.Amazon RDS automated backups
AnswerD

RDS automated backups can be enabled with a retention period of up to 35 days and perform daily backups automatically.

Why this answer

Amazon RDS automated backups are the native, built-in mechanism for backing up RDS DB instances. They automatically take daily snapshots during the backup window and retain transaction logs for point-in-time recovery. By default, the retention period can be set from 1 to 35 days, so configuring it to 30 days meets the requirement without any additional services or custom scripting.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may over-engineer the solution by choosing AWS Backup or Lambda, not realizing that RDS automated backups natively support daily backups with a configurable retention period up to 35 days, making them the simplest and most appropriate choice.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because Amazon S3 lifecycle policies manage the transition and expiration of objects stored in S3 buckets, not the scheduling or retention of RDS backups. Option B is wrong because AWS Backup is a centralized backup service that can back up RDS instances, but it is not required for this simple automation—RDS automated backups already provide daily backups with configurable retention natively. Option C is wrong because while AWS Lambda with custom scripts could be used to trigger manual snapshots, it adds unnecessary complexity and operational overhead when the built-in automated backup feature of RDS directly satisfies the requirement.

311
MCQmedium

A company is using Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ deployment. The database experiences a failover event, and after failover, the application reports increased latency. Which action should the database specialist take to diagnose the issue?

A.Check Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Database Connections and Latency, and verify DNS resolution.
B.Promote the secondary instance to primary manually.
C.Create a new read replica and redirect traffic.
D.Force a reboot of the DB instance to reset connections.
AnswerA

Monitoring metrics and DNS can pinpoint the cause of increased latency.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because after a failover, the DNS record is updated to point to the new primary, but the application may be using cached DNS. Checking CloudWatch metrics for connection counts and latency can help identify the issue. Option A is wrong because forcing a reboot would not resolve DNS caching.

Option C is wrong because RDS manages the secondary instance automatically. Option D is wrong because restoring from backup is unnecessary.

312
MCQhard

A logistics company operates a fleet tracking system using Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility). The database stores location updates from thousands of vehicles every second. The collection has a compound index on (vehicle_id, timestamp). Recently, the company noticed that write latency has increased, and the primary instance's CPU is consistently above 80%. The storage is gp2, and the instance is a db.r5.large. The operations team suspects that index maintenance is causing high CPU. The database administrator needs to reduce write latency without sacrificing query performance for real-time location queries. What should the administrator do?

A.Remove the compound index and rely on the default _id index for queries.
B.Upgrade to a larger instance class, such as db.r5.xlarge, to provide more CPU and memory.
C.Disable journaling to reduce write I/O.
D.Shard the collection using a hash-based shard key on vehicle_id to distribute write load.
AnswerD

Sharding distributes writes and reduces the size of indexes on each shard, lowering maintenance overhead.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because using a hash-based shard key on vehicle_id distributes writes evenly and reduces index maintenance overhead. Option A is wrong because turning off journaling reduces durability, not index maintenance. Option B is wrong because increasing instance size adds CPU but does not address the root cause.

Option C is wrong because removing the compound index harms query performance.

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