Quick Answer
The answer is eDiscovery, audit, and information protection with sensitivity labels. These three capabilities form the core of Microsoft Purview compliance management because they address the full lifecycle of data governance: sensitivity labels classify and protect data at rest and in transit, eDiscovery enables legal hold and content search across Microsoft 365 workloads, and audit provides a unified log of user and admin activities for forensic investigation. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this question tests your ability to distinguish Purview’s compliance tools from its broader data governance or risk management features—a common trap is confusing data lifecycle management or insider risk management as core compliance capabilities when they are separate solutions. Remember the mnemonic “SEA” for Sensitivity labels, eDiscovery, and Audit to recall the three pillars of Purview compliance.
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which THREE capabilities does Microsoft Purview provide for compliance management?
Identity protection and risk detection
Why wrong: Identity Protection is in Entra ID.
Information protection with sensitivity labels
Purview provides sensitivity labels.
Data classification and labeling
Purview includes data classification.
Endpoint detection and response
Why wrong: EDR is part of Defender for Endpoint.
eDiscovery and audit
eDiscovery is a Purview solution.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Information protection with sensitivity labels
Microsoft Purview provides compliance management capabilities including information protection with sensitivity labels, which allow organizations to classify and protect sensitive data across Microsoft 365 services, endpoints, and third-party apps. Sensitivity labels enforce encryption, visual markings, and access restrictions based on policy, directly supporting data loss prevention and governance.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Identity protection and risk detection
Why it's wrong here
Identity Protection is in Entra ID.
Information protection with sensitivity labels
Why this is correct
Purview provides sensitivity labels.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Data classification and labeling
Why this is correct
Purview includes data classification.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Endpoint detection and response
Why it's wrong here
EDR is part of Defender for Endpoint.
eDiscovery and audit
Why this is correct
eDiscovery is a Purview solution.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
The trap here is that candidates confuse Microsoft Purview's compliance-focused capabilities (like eDiscovery, audit, and sensitivity labels) with security operations tools (like identity protection and endpoint detection), which belong to separate Microsoft 365 security solutions.
Detailed technical explanation
Microsoft Purview's data classification engine uses trainable classifiers, exact data match (EDM), and fingerprinting to automatically detect sensitive content like PII or financial data. Sensitivity labels can then apply encryption via Azure Information Protection (AIP) using the Microsoft 365 unified labeling client, and labels can be auto-applied based on conditions such as content contains a credit card number (regex pattern matching) or matches a sensitive info type.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
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FAQ
Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — This question tests Design security operations, identity, and compliance capabilities — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
The correct answer is: Information protection with sensitivity labels — Microsoft Purview provides compliance management capabilities including information protection with sensitivity labels, which allow organizations to classify and protect sensitive data across Microsoft 365 services, endpoints, and third-party apps. Sensitivity labels enforce encryption, visual markings, and access restrictions based on policy, directly supporting data loss prevention and governance.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Same concept, more angles
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. Which THREE of the following are capabilities of Microsoft Purview Information Protection?
hardWhy B: Option B is correct because Microsoft Purview Information Protection includes trainable classifiers that use machine learning to intelligently identify sensitive content based on patterns and context, not just keywords. These classifiers can be trained with sample data to improve accuracy, enabling automated classification of documents and emails without requiring manual rule creation.
Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
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