Quick Answer
The answer is Calico through Azure Policy add-on. This is correct because Azure Policy for AKS natively integrates with the Calico network policy engine, enabling granular pod-to-pod communication rules based on namespaces and label selectors while simultaneously enforcing compliance through Azure Policy. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this question tests your understanding of how Azure Policy extends beyond resource governance to enforce network security within AKS clusters—a common trap is confusing Azure Firewall (which controls cluster ingress/egress) with pod-level network policies, or assuming Cilium is supported natively. Remember that Calico is the only third-party network policy engine directly integrated with Azure Policy for AKS, making it the go-to choice when compliance and advanced pod segmentation are required. Memory tip: “Calico for compliance control” links the policy engine to Azure Policy’s governance layer.
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for infrastructure. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A multinational corporation is designing a secure infrastructure for their Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) clusters. They require network policies to restrict pod-to-pod communication based on namespaces and label selectors. They also need to integrate with Azure Policy for compliance. Which network policy engine should they use?
kubenet
Why wrong: Incorrect: kubenet does not support network policies.
Cilium
Why wrong: Incorrect: Cilium is not integrated with Azure Policy for AKS.
Calico through Azure Policy add-on
Correct: Azure Policy for AKS uses Calico for network policies.
Azure Firewall
Why wrong: Incorrect: Azure Firewall is for cluster-level network security, not pod-level policies.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Calico through Azure Policy add-on
Azure Policy for AKS supports the Calico network policy engine for advanced network policies. Cilium is not natively integrated with Azure Policy. Azure Firewall is for cluster ingress/egress, not pod-level policies. kubenet is a basic networking plugin that does not support network policies.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
kubenet
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: kubenet does not support network policies.
Cilium
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: Cilium is not integrated with Azure Policy for AKS.
Calico through Azure Policy add-on
Why this is correct
Correct: Azure Policy for AKS uses Calico for network policies.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Azure Firewall
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: Azure Firewall is for cluster-level network security, not pod-level policies.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Design security solutions for infrastructure — This question tests Design security solutions for infrastructure — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: Calico through Azure Policy add-on — Azure Policy for AKS supports the Calico network policy engine for advanced network policies. Cilium is not natively integrated with Azure Policy. Azure Firewall is for cluster ingress/egress, not pod-level policies. kubenet is a basic networking plugin that does not support network policies.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SC-100 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
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