CISM Information Security Programme Practice Question
A security architect is designing a defense-in-depth strategy for a financial institution. Which TWO of the following are essential components of a defense-in-depth approach?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Network segmentation to isolate critical systems.
Defense-in-depth uses multiple layers of security controls. Network segmentation limits lateral movement, and endpoint detection provides visibility at the host level.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
A single, strong firewall at the network perimeter.
Why it's wrong here
Single point of failure; defense-in-depth requires multiple layers.
- ✗
A single sign-on (SSO) solution for all applications.
Why it's wrong here
SSO is about access management, not defense-in-depth.
- ✓
Network segmentation to isolate critical systems.
Why this is correct
Limits the impact of a breach.
- ✗
Annual penetration testing as the primary security control.
Why it's wrong here
Pen testing is a periodic assessment, not a continuous control layer.
- ✓
Endpoint detection and response (EDR) on all workstations and servers.
Why this is correct
Provides detection and response at the host level.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CISM practice question is part of Courseiva's free ISACA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CISM exam.